Star Update Podcast - Cardiology News Summaries

Clinical risk factors and outcomes of young patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: a retrospective study Liang et al. BMC Cardiovascular Disorders (2023), https://doi.org/10.1186/s12872-023-03392-8 Abstract Background This study aimed to analysis the clinical characteristics and prognosis of acute STEMI in patients aged ≤ 45 years. Methods Seven hundred and one patients wi...

Impact of Diabetes Mellitus on the Benefit of β-Blocker Therapy After Myocardial Infarction Am JCardiol 2023 Jul 1;198:124-132.  doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2023.04.022.    Abstract   Beta blockers are uniformly recommended for all patients after myocardial infarction (MI), including those with diabetes mellitus (DM). This study assesses the impact of β-blocker type and dosing on survival in patients wi...

P2Y12 Inhibitor or Aspirin Monotherapy for Secondary Prevention of Coronary Events  J Am Coll Cardiol. 2023 Jul, 82 (2) 89–105  Abstract  Background    Aspirin is the only antiplatelet agent with a Class I recommendation for long-term prevention of cardiovascular events in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). There is inconsistent evidence on how it compares with alternative antiplatelet a...

The new report of the ESH 2023 guideline includes a greater emphasis on out-of-office BP measurements, addition of potassium supplementation as a lifestyle recommendation, and gives more explicit advice for the use of beta blockers as initial antihypertensive drug therapy. Increased resting heart rate (>80 bpm) is common in hypertension, in which it reflects an increased sympathetic activity. A...

Frequency of New Onset Atrial Fibrillation in Patients Presenting with ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction  DOI: https://doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs2023176112 Abstract Aim:  To study the magnitude of atrial fibrillation in patients with ST segment elevation myocardial infarction. Methodology:  Two hundred and thirty-six patients were selected through non-probability, consecutive sampling techniq...

The prognostic value of myocardial salvage index by cardiac magnetic resonance in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. 2023 Jun 16.doi: 10.1007/s00330-023-09739-1. Abstract   Objective:  To assess the prognostic value of myocardial salvage index (MSI) by cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) pat...

Association between the beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers, all-cause mortality and length of hospitalization in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. 2023 Jun 4. doi: 10.1002/clc.24058. Abstract    Purpose:  To establish an association between beta-blockers (BBs), calcium channel blockers (CCBs), all-cause mortality, an...

Ticagrelor with or without aspirin in high-risk patients with anaemia undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: a subgroup analysis of the TWILIGHT trial  2023 Jun 2;9(4):328-336. doi:10.1093/ehjcvp/pvad006. Abstract Aim:  The aim of this study was to assess the effect of ticagrelor monotherapy among high-risk patients with anaemia undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods...

Impact of Diabetes Mellitus on Benefit of β-Blocker Therapy After Myocardial Infarction   https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjcard.2023.04.022   Abstract   Background: Beta blockers are uniformly recommended for all patients after myocardial infarction (MI), including those with diabetes mellitus (DM). This study assesses the impact of β-blocker type and dosing on survival in patients with DM after MI.  ...

Heart failure pharmacological treatments and outcomes in heart failure with mildly reduced ejection fraction https://doi.org/10.1093/ehjcvp/pvad036  Abstract   Background: Guideline recommendations for the treatment of heart failure with mildly reduced ejection fraction (HFmrEF) derive from small subgroups in post-hoc analyses of randomized trials.     Objectives: We investigated predictors of ren...

Biomarkers of Thrombotic Status Predict Spontaneous Reperfusion in Patients With ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction   https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2023.03.388 Abstract Background: Spontaneous  reperfusion , seen in ∼20% of patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), manifests as normal epicardial flow in the infarct-related artery, with or without ST-segment resolut...

Ticagrelor for patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials 2023 May;38(4):698-705. doi: 10.1177/02676591221076284.  Abstract Objective:  Ticagrelor may be an alternative to aspirin as it provides robust and consistent platelet inhibition. However, the effect of ticagrelor treatment in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG...

Clinical Efficacy and Safety of Early Intravenous Administration of Beta-Blockers in Patients Suffering from Acute ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction without Heart Failure Undergoing Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Study-Level Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials Cardiovasc Drugs Ther. 2023 Apr 1.doi: 10.1007 Background:  Several clinical studies have produced diverse...

Safe and Effective Early Use of Betablockers after Pediatric Heart Transplantation https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healun.2023.02.1366   Purpose:  Beta-blockers (BBs) have been increasingly incorporated into the management of heart transplant recipients, with data supporting decreased mortality in adult recipients. However, very few studies have evaluated the use of BBs in pediatric recipients, and earl...

Sex-stratified differences in early antithrombotic treatment response in patients presenting with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction Am Heart J 2023 Apr; 258:17-26 doi: 10.1016 Background:  The mechanisms underlying the increased risk of bleeding that female patients with ST-segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) exhibit, remains unclear. The present report assessed sex-related di...

Ticagrelor Treatment is Associated With Increased Coronary Flow Reserve in Survivors of Myocardial Infarction https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hlc.2023.03.010 Abstract Background: The pleiotropic action of  ticagrelor , with effects in addition to platelet inhibition, has been shown to improve  endothelial function  in patients with  coronary artery disease . These positive effects are possibly adenosine...

Sex-related bleeding risk in acute coronary syndrome patients receiving dual antiplatelet therapy with aspirin and a P2Y12 inhibitor Med Princ Pract. 2023 Mar 22. Abstract Aims To study sex differences in major bleeding in relation to dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Methods and results The Collective Cardiology Rese...

Effect of early metoprolol before PCI in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction on infarct size and left ventricular ejection fraction. A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials Clin Cardiol. 2022 Oct;45(10):1011-1028. Abstract Aim: This meta-analysis aims to look at the impact of early intravenous Metoprolol in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) before percutane...

Beta-Blockers for Primary Prevention of Anthracycline-Induced Cardiac Toxicity: An Updated Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials Cardiovasc Ther. 2022 Dec 29;2022:8367444. Abstract Aim: Cardiotoxicity is a well-recognized complication of chemotherapy with Anthracyclines. However, results from trials evaluating beta-blockers for prevention are controversial. Therefore, we performed a meta-ana...

Can platelet count be controlled with ticagrelor in patients with essential thrombocythaemia? A case series Eur Heart J Case Rep. 2023 Feb 14;7(2):ytad051 Abstract Background: Essential thrombocythaemia (ET) is defined as a myeloproliferative neoplasm with a tendency to haemorrhage and thrombosis. Acute coronary thrombosis can be observed in 1 out of 10 patients. The management of ET patients with...

Interventional therapy of acute coronary syndromes in very old patient population and results of 2 years follow-up Egypt Heart J. 2023 Feb 22;75(1):14. doi: 10.1186/s43044-023-00340-x. Abstract Background: Research on cardiovascular treatment options and prognosis in very old age groups of patients is warranted. In our study, we evaluated and followed up on clinical conditions on admission and com...

Blood pressure lowering effects of β-blockers as add-on or combination therapy: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich). 2023 Feb 8. doi: 10.1111/jch.14616. Online ahead of print. Abstract: The authors performed a meta-analysis to assess the efficacy of non-atenolol β-blockers as add-on to monotherapy or as a component of combination antihypertensive therapy in...

A predictive model of response to metoprolol in children and adolescents with postural tachycardia syndrome World J Pediatr. 2023 Feb 13. doi: 10.1007/s12519-022-00677-4. Online ahead of print. Abstract Background: The present work was designed to explore whether electrocardiogram (ECG) index-based models could predict the effectiveness of metoprolol therapy in pediatric patients with postural tac...

Ticagrelor With or Without Aspirin in High-Risk Patients With Anemia Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: a subgroup analysis of the TWILIGHT trial Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Pharmacother. 2023 Jan 17;pvad006. Abstract Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the effect of ticagrelor monotherapy among high-risk patients with anemia undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods...

Stroke Recurrence and Antiplatelets in Posterior Versus Anterior Circulation Minor Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack Stroke. 2023 Feb 15. doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.122.041738. Abstract Background: It is unclear whether infarct location affects stroke recurrence after index ischemic stroke. We aimed to compare the risk of stroke recurrence and the responses to dual antiplatelets with ticagrelor-aspi...