JAMA Clinical Reviews

Selection of hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis and timing of dialysis initiation are influenced by patient symptoms, laboratory trajectories, patient preferences, and therapy cost and availability; shared decision-making is key. Jennifer E. Flythe, MD, MPH, from the University of North Carolina, discusses dialysis for chronic kidney failure with JAMA Deputy Editor Kristin L. Walter, MD, MS. Rela...

Chronic spontaneous urticaria affects approximately 1% of the general population worldwide, impairs patients' quality of life, and is associated with multiple comorbidities. Pavel Kolkhir, MD, discusses the current evidence on the epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of chronic spontaneous urticaria with JAMA Senior Editor Karen E. Lasser, MD, MPH. Related Content: Chronic Spont...

Community-acquired pneumonia is associated with approximately 740 000 hospitalizations and 41 000 deaths in the US annually. JAMA Review authors Scott A. Flanders, MD, and Valerie M. Vaughn, MD, MSc, discuss diagnosis and treatment of community-acquired pneumonia with JAMA Deputy Editor Mary McGrae McDermott, MD. Related Content: Community-Acquired Pneumonia

Infestations by ectoparasites such as scabies, bedbugs, and body lice are common. Diagnosis requires history, including social drivers of health such as living environment, and physical examination. Author Aileen Y. Chang, MD, of UCSF, joins JAMA Senior Editor Karen Lasser, MD, to discuss Scabies, Bedbug, and Body Lice Infestations: A Narrative Review. Related Content: Scabies, Bedbug, and Body Li...

Pericarditis accounts for up to 5% of emergency department visits for nonischemic chest pain in North America and Western Europe. JAMA Review author Paul C. Cremer, MD, MS, discusses the recommended treatments for acute pericarditis and more with JAMA Associate Editor David L. Simel, MD, MHS. Related Content: Diagnosis, Risk Stratification, and Treatment of Pericarditis

JAMA Editor in Chief Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo reviews 4 JAMA trials presented at this year's European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Congress on antihypertensive continuation before elective surgery, potassium supplementation after cardiac surgery, pulmonary vein isolation for symptomatic atrial fibrillation, and a triple-drug combination pill for resistant hypertension in Africa. Correction: an earli...

Renal cell carcinoma has an estimated lifetime prevalence of 2.3% for men and 1.3% for women in the US. Affected patients in early stages can have >94% cancer-specific survival. Author William Y. Kim, MD, of the University of North Carolina joins JAMA Associate Editor David L. Simel, MD, MHS, to discuss the epidemiology, clinical presentation, pathophysiology, and management of renal cell carcinom...

Interview with Esa M. Davis, MD, MPH, USPSTF member and coauthor of Screening and Supplementation for Iron Deficiency and Iron Deficiency Anemia During Pregnancy: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement. Hosted by JAMA Editor in Chief Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo, PhD, MD, MAS. Related Content: Screening and Supplementation for Iron Deficiency and Iron Deficiency Anemia During Pregna...

Genital herpes is a common sexually transmitted infection that is caused by HSV-1 or HSV-2 and may result in ulcers, neonatal herpes infection, and increased risk of HIV acquisition. Author Christine Johnston, MD, University of Washington, discusses herpes infection and more with JAMA Deputy Editor Preeti Malani, MD, MSJ. Related Content: Genital Herpes

Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are commonly used to treat patients with atrial fibrillation and venous thromboembolism. Author James D. Douketis, MD, from McMaster University discusses with JAMA Deputy Editor Kristin L. Walter, MD, MS, the management of DOACs in patients undergoing an elective or emergency surgery or procedure. Related Content: Perioperative Management of Patients Taking Direc...

About 20% of adolescents in the US are living with obesity. Author Aaron S. Kelly, PhD, of the University of Minnesota Medical School joins JAMA Senior Editor Karen E. Lasser, MD, MPH, to discuss Obesity in Adolescents: A Review. Related Content: Obesity in Adolescents

Exertional heat illness at its extreme may cause heat stroke and altered mental status (confusion, delirium, stupor, or unconsciousness), which can result in organ failure and death. Author Francis G. O'Connor, MD, MPH, discusses heat-related illness in athletes, including risk factors, prevention, symptoms, and management, with JAMA Associate Editor David Simel, MD, MHS. Current NWS Forecast Rela...

New weight-loss drugs have transformed care for people with obesity. In this Clinical Reviews podcast, Robert F. Kushner, MD, MS, of Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine joins JAMA Deputy Editor Mary McGrae McDermott, MD, to discuss prescribing these drugs to improve health outcomes and minimize adverse effects in people with obesity. Related Content: Medications for Obesity

Medical practice accounts for 8% of carbon emissions in the US. Author Wendy Levinson, MD, discusses simple changes that clinicians can make to reduce adverse effects of health care on the climate and the environment with JAMA Deputy Editor Mary McGrae McDermott, MD. Related Content: Medical Practice and the Climate Crisis How Can Operating Rooms Be Greener?

Essential tremor is a common movement disorder. Author Binit B. Shah, MD, of the University of Virginia joins JAMA Deputy Editor Christopher C. Muth, MD, to discuss the diagnostic evaluation and treatment of essential tremor, including pharmacological, nonpharmacological, and surgical treatments. Related Content: Essential Tremor

The US is a global leader in introducing new medical products, but the ability to generate evidence to inform clinical practice in postmarket settings must improve. Insurers may have an important role to play. Robert M. Califf, MD, of the US Food and Drug Administration, discusses why and how payers could support evidence generation with JAMA Editor in Chief Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo, PhD, MD, MAS....

What are the common signs and symptoms of celiac disease and how is this disease diagnosed and managed? Author Kerstin Austin, MD, from the University of Wisconsin-Madison, discusses this and more with JAMA Associate Editor David L. Simel, MD, MHS. Related Content: Diagnosis and Management of Celiac Disease

Hospitals are on the frontlines of the US gun violence epidemic, both through the treatment of shooting victims and as sites of firearm violence. At least 240 shootings occurred on US hospital grounds from 2000 to 2016 alone. Author Joseph Blocher, MPhil, JD, from Duke Law School talks about this and more with JAMA Network Open Editor in Chief Frederick P. Rivara, MD, MPH. Related Content: Firearm...

Interview with John M. Ruiz, PhD, USPSTF member and coauthor of Management of BMI in Children: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement. Hosted by JAMA Editor in Chief Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo, PhD, MD, MAS. Related Content: Interventions for Weight Management in Children and Adolescents Interventions for High Body Mass Index in Children and Adolescents Interventions for High BMI...

Severe pulmonary infections are a leading cause of death in adults worldwide. Romain Pirracchio, MD, MPH, PhD, of the University of California-San Francisco, joins JAMA Deputy Editor Kristin L. Walter, MD, MS, to discuss Low-Dose Corticosteroids for Critically Ill Adults With Severe Pulmonary Infections. Related Content: Low-Dose Corticosteroids for Critically Ill Adults With Severe Pulmonary Infe...

Approximately 9% of US adults experience major depression each year, with lifetime prevalence nearly 17% for men and 30% for women. Effective first-line depression treatments include forms of psychotherapy and medication. Close monitoring significantly improves likelihood of treatment success. Gregory E. Simon, MD, MPH, discusses depression treatment with JAMA Senior Editor Karen E. Lasser, MD, MP...

Homelessness is detrimental to health and clinicians can play an important role in mitigating the deleterious effects of homelessness. Margot Kushel, MD, University of California, San Francisco, discusses this and more with JAMA Senior Editor Karen E. Lasser, MD, MPH. Related Content: Health Care for People Experiencing Homelessness

Interview with Li Li, MD, PhD, MPH, USPSTF member and coauthor of Interventions to Prevent Falls in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement. Hosted by JAMA Editor in Chief Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo, PhD, MD, MAS. Related Content: Interventions to Prevent Falls in Community-Dwelling Older Adults Interventions to Prevent Falls in Older Adults Prevent...

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a common infection that may cause severe illness in infants, young children, and older adults. Kathleen A. Linder, MD, of the VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, discusses therapies to prevent severe RSV illness with JAMA Deputy Editor Kristin Walter, MD, MS. Related Content: Therapies to Decrease Severe Respiratory Syncytial Virus Illness Assessing the Real-World...

Chronic pruritus, defined as itch lasting more than 6 weeks, affects approximately 22% of people in their lifetime. In this JAMA clinical review podcast, dermatologist Daniel C. Butler, MD, from the University of Arizona College of Medicine, joins JAMA Deputy Editor Mary McGrae McDermott, MD, to discuss evaluation and management of chronic pruritus. Related Content: Chronic Pruritus