RARECast

People with rare genetic diseases can spend years seeking a diagnosis, while researchers lack much of the detailed patient information needed to develop better diagnostic tools and treatments. Medical records capture only part of the picture, often leaving out observations, images, and videos that patients and caregivers can provide. Probably Genetic is addressing these gaps through a direct-to-pa...

For patients with rare diseases and other complex conditions, a prescription does not necessarily mean treatment can begin. Insurance approvals, fragmented communication, and confusing administrative requirements can leave patients and caregivers struggling to get the care their doctors recommend. Infinitus seeks to close that gap with an AI platform that automates conversations and coordinates in...

ALS is a rapidly progressive neurodegenerative disease in which the loss of motor neurons steadily erodes patients' ability to move, speak, and live independently. Available therapies have had limited impact on disease progression. Coya Therapeutics is pursuing an immune-based approach built around restoring the function of regulatory T cells. Its experimental therapy, COYA 302, combines the cytok...

After unexplained facial and neck pain escalated into debilitating migraines and widespread symptoms, Monica Dubeau spent 20 months navigating 111 medical appointments with 26 specialists across four states and two countries before receiving a diagnosis of craniocervical instability. Further evaluation revealed Chiari malformation, tethered cord syndrome, and hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos syndrome—a c...

For people with ultra-rare genetic diseases, a diagnosis can come with a devastating realization that there may be no treatment in development because the patient population is too small to attract traditional biopharma investment. Nome is working to change that by combining patient-led drug development with AI-enabled scientific and operational support. Steven Ringel, founder and CEO of Nome and...

Genetic medicine has already begun to transform the treatment of some inherited diseases, but the brain remains one of its most formidable frontiers. For disorders such as Huntington’s disease and ALS, scientists may understand key genetic contributors and have increasingly powerful editing tools, yet getting those tools safely, efficiently, and selectively into vulnerable neurons is another matte...

Kleefstra syndrome is a rare neurodevelopmental condition with significant unmet medical needs, but a growing understanding of its underlying biology is creating new opportunities for therapeutic development. Eric Scheeff, chief scientific officer of Idefine and parent of a child with Kleefstra syndrome, discusses the organization’s progress in building the scientific foundation for a potential tr...

Congenital hyperinsulinism can turn a newborn’s first days into a medical emergency. The body produces too much insulin, blood sugar can fall to dangerous levels, and every delay in diagnosis or lapse in control can put the developing brain at risk. Even when children survive and receive expert care, families may spend years managing feeding schedules, glucose checks, medications and hospitalizati...

Guillain-Barré syndrome is a rare, rapidly progressive autoimmune disorder in which harmful inflammation attacks peripheral nerves, potentially causing acute paralysis, respiratory failure, and lasting disability. Annexon is developing tanruperbart, a single-infusion monoclonal antibody designed to block C1q, the initiator of the classical complement pathway. By inhibiting C1q early in GBS, Annexo...

People with the rare genetic condition Gorlin syndrome can develop dozens or even hundreds of basal cell carcinomas over their lifetimes, often requiring repeated surgeries that carry physical, emotional, and financial consequences. Medicus Pharma is developing SkinJect, an experimental microneedle patch designed to deliver microdoses of the chemotherapy drug doxorubicin directly into basal cell c...

Sickle cell disease is caused by a single mutation in the beta-globin gene that leads to painful crises, anemia, and organ damage. Despite advances in treatment, it remains a devastating and often overlooked global health challenge, particularly in low-resource settings where children frequently go undiagnosed until life-threatening complications arise. The PERICLES project is an ambitious researc...

Many older adults may dismiss dropping objects, struggling with stairs, or tiring on short walks as a matter of just getting older, but it can be an early sign of a serious group of disorders known as late-onset neuromuscular diseases (LONDs). The American Neuromuscular Foundation’s Why Behind Your Weakness campaign seeks to raise awareness of LONDs and the shared symptom patterns that too often g...

Chiesi Global Rare Diseases has rapidly evolved from a small, regional rare‑disease business into a global organization, leveraging strategic deals and development bets to reshape standards of care for patients worldwide. Giacomo Chiesi, head of the unit, discusses how the business has grown through acquisitions, its move into CRISPR gene editing and blood–brain barrier‑crossing enzyme platforms,...

When Tom Sayiner was diagnosed with the fatal neurodegenerative disease ALS, he and his wife, Tamara, learned that tofersen had been approved in Europe as a therapy that could slow the progression of his genetic form of the disease. But the Sayiners, who live in Sweden, soon discovered they could not access the drug because a Swedish health technology assessment council determined there was insuff...

People with rare, severe autoimmune diseases often live for years with progressive, disabling conditions managed by chronic immunosuppression that rarely addresses the underlying cause. Kyverna is developing an autologous CAR T-cell therapy designed to deliver a deep immune reset by broadly depleting pathogenic B cells, followed by repopulation with naïve, non-pathogenic B cells and normalization...

The case of baby KJ Muldoon, an infant born with a lethal genetic metabolic disorder, demonstrates the potential to compress years of therapeutic development into months using an in vivo base editing approach. Jeff Coller, director of the Johns Hopkins RNA Innovation Center, wrote about the case in a New York Times op-ed, arguing that CRISPR-based base editors—delivered via lipid nanoparticles as...

Families seeking a diagnosis for a rare disease often face a protracted diagnostic odyssey that can include ER visits, specialist referrals, and dead ends, even at world-class medical centers. Parents bounce from doctor to doctor while payers absorb mounting costs, and the pivotal moment of putting a name to a disease—which can reduce unnecessary care and emotional distress—arrives late, if at all...

Erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP) is a rare, inherited metabolic disorder that triggers a toxic photochemical reaction in skin when exposed to light. A short time in the sun for someone with the condition can result in excruciating, second-degree–like burns and leaves patients sidelined from normal outdoor activity. Craig Leppert, who has EPP, saw his childhood shaped by constant vigilance again...

Many disease‑causing genes are too large to be packaged into standard AAV gene therapy vectors, leaving a long list of otherwise gene-therapy-ready conditions without viable treatments. SpliceBio is leveraging a protein splicing platform based on engineered split inteins to overcome the cargo limitations of AAV gene therapy vectors, enabling delivery of large genes to potentially treat a broad ran...

Multiple system atrophy is a rapidly progressive neurodegenerative condition that is often misdiagnosed as Parkinson’s disease but carries a far grimmer prognosis. MSA has a median survival of just seven to eight years after symptom onset. Toxic aggregates of alpha‑synuclein and excess brain iron create a vicious cycle of neuronal damage that drives the multisystem motor and autonomic decline char...

The ability to diagnose rare diseases is at a turning point as greater genomic awareness, technological advances in long-read HiFi sequencing, and improved economics are converging to shorten the diagnostic odyssey for patients and families. PacBio’s long-read whole-genome sequencing overcomes the limitations of exomes and short read technologies by capturing structural variants, epigenetic signat...

Friedreich’s ataxia is a progressive, multisystem disease that robs people of coordination, independence, and often life itself. Until recently, there had been no approved therapies. In Friedreich’s ataxia, a genetic mutation causes a deficiency in frataxin, a protein that plays an essential role within mitochondria and affects enzymes involved in energy production. Solid Biosciences is developing...

When Kasey Walsh's daughter was diagnosed with an ultra-rare genetic disorder, she discovered a frustrating paradox: researchers desperately needed insights from patient families, yet institutional barriers made it nearly impossible to capture the nuanced, lived experiences that could inform drug development and improve care. Drawing on her background as a healthcare service coordinator and her fi...

Patients facing medical decisions often find themselves drowning in confusing information that is laden with scientific terminology and often neglects the human element. Keith Berelowitz, a clinical research operations veteran motivated by personal experience, created the Trialport platform to embed trial information in patient community websites with plain language, multilingual support, and beha...

Matching phenotype to genotype at scale could transform how rare diseases are found, understood, and treated. Komodo Health has partnered with GeneDx to build one of the most comprehensive longitudinal rare disease datasets ever assembled. John Wollman, head of revenue strategy at Komodo Health, discusses how Komodo’s longitudinal real‑world data on more than 330 million de-identified U.S. patient...