PODKAS

For our finale episode, we talk about the journey of the ultimate Filipino staple, tracing how a grain introduced by Austronesian migrants transformed from a prestige food for the elite into the non-negotiable foundation of daily life. Through 3,500 years of agricultural history, we examine the spiritual rituals of the Cordilleras, the impact of colonial encomiendas, and the technological shifts o...

Climb aboard for a journey into the heart the Philippines' most iconic symbol: the jeepney, also known as the "King of the Road." In this episode, we trace the jeepney's incredible story, from its birth out of World War II scrap metal to its reign as a rolling gallery of folk art and chrome. Discover how former horse-carriage drivers became automotive pioneers, creating a unique...

The banig is more than just a simple mat; it’s an object that literally grounds Filipino life. This episode traces its extraordinary 39,000-year journey, from prehistoric stone tools in the Tabon Caves to the sacred spaces of pre-colonial chieftains. We explore how this craft, passed down almost exclusively by women, survived colonization through its "strategic ordinariness" and later be...

This episode explores the complex story of the bulul , the iconic carved wooden figures of the Ifugao people. We trace its journey from a sacred ancestral guardian, consecrated with ritual to protect the all-important rice harvest, to its modern status as a celebrated and highly-priced art piece in global auction houses. What happens when a living spiritual vessel is transformed into a collector&#...

More than just a pest, the rat is an unacknowledged actor in Philippine history, its story intertwined with our own from prehistoric times to the modern day. This episode uncovers that hidden narrative, from the extinct giant cloud rats that coexisted with ancient humans to the arrival of invasive species that brought centuries of agricultural plagues and colonial-era disease. It examines the rat&...

This episode uncaps the surprising history of the tansan —the humble metal crown that sealed our childhood sodas and our uncles' beers. We trace its journey from an unlikely Japanese brand name to the prized currency of sidewalk games like Tatsing . Learn how this piece of industrial waste was transformed into the sound of Christmas karoling and, tragically, the explosive center of the 1992 Pe...

If you're like us, you grew up hearing that familiar ring of your favorite sorbetero's bell, so join us as we scoop into the history of the Philippines' favorite frozen dessert. In this episode, we trace the journey of sorbetes from an elite 19th-century luxury—made possible by ice shipped from around the globe—to the democratic "dirty ice cream" every Filipino knows and loves. Discover the story...

For generations of Filipino children, a single peso coin held immense power: the power to choose between a crumbly Choc Nut, a powdery Mik-Mik, a chewy White Rabbit, or a stack of Haw Flakes. This episode unwraps the surprisingly complex history of these iconic sari-sari store treats. We trace their origins from Malabon to Shanghai and explore the unique rituals they inspired: from sacrilegious pl...

In this episode, we unpack the immense economic and cultural power of the sari-sari store, the humble neighborhood shop that accounts for 70% of all manufactured goods sales in the Philippines. We trace its origins from pre-colonial barangay trade through the Spanish-era tiendas to its modern digital evolution, exploring how this institution has survived and adapted through centuries of change. Wh...

Locked in a vault 14,000 kilometers from Manila lies a 16th-century manuscript that survived a Nazi bomb: the Boxer Codex. Created in 1590 through an unlikely collaboration between Spanish colonizers, Chinese artists, and Filipino informants, its vibrant illustrations offer the most detailed visual record of our ancestors—from tattooed Visayan warriors to gold-draped Tagalog nobles—before colonial...

Once a ubiquitous presence in Filipino life, passed around sari-sari stores, stacked on staircases, and even used as panggatong, komiks evolved from cheap newsprint entertainment into a powerful cultural force. This episode charts the journey of the art form, starting with the pioneering work of Rizal and the birth of the iconic Kenkoy, through the golden age pantheon created by visionaries like F...

How does a 19th-century painting of dying Roman gladiators become the most powerful artistic symbol of the Philippines? This episode uncovers the dramatic life of Juan Luna's Spoliarium : a masterpiece that was sliced into three pieces, survived wars and botched restorations, and inspired everything from revolutionary novels to a famous rock song. Join us as we unravel the story of the paintin...

Why do so many Filipinos have Spanish surnames? This episode unpacks the story of the Catálogo Alfabético de Apellidos , a book distributed in 1849 by Spanish Governor-General Narciso Clavería to solve an administrative crisis. We explore how this single decree systematically renamed millions, assigning surnames alphabetically by town and creating regional naming patterns that still exist. We also...

For centuries, tarsilas have done far more than record family trees in Muslim Mindanao; they have defined power, preserved honor, and anchored entire communities to their history. These genealogical records connect local rulers to the Prophet Muhammad, authorize marriages and political alliances, and legitimize claims to land and sovereignty. During colonial invasions, they became instruments of r...

The Okir is a sacred and intricate artistic tradition of Muslim Mindanao, and in this episode, we chart its 1,400-year journey. From its pre-Islamic, animistic roots seen in protective naga serpent carvings to its sophisticated evolution under Islamic aniconism, the Okir transformed its motifs into stylized, flowing patterns that became a symbol of enduring identity. It survived Spanish colonizati...

Long before it became a household name with a catchy jingle, Tiki-Tiki was a life-saving breakthrough. In this episode, we uncover the forgotten story of how a deadly beriberi epidemic, fueled by American colonial "progress," was stopped by a humble Filipino pharmacist. Discover how Dr. Manuel Zamora created a world-first vitamin supplement from rice bran in a small Quiapo lab, chose pub...

From makeshift courts under bridges to the roaring arenas of the PBA, basketball is more than a game in the Philippines: it's a core part of the national identity. In this episode, we explore how an American import became the Filipino soul. Join us as we trace basketball's surprising history as a women's sport, the legendary rivalries that divided families, and the modern challenges fa...

For millions of Filipinos, it's a core memory of childhood and school days: a dense, fortified bread distributed or sold in schools. But was the famous Nutribun a symbol of genuine care or a masterful tool of political propaganda? In this episode, we unwrap the complex history of this iconic bread, tracing its journey from a US-funded aid program to a potent symbol of the Marcos regime's "New Soci...

It's the iconic, buff-colored canvas that triggers instant nostalgia for generations of Filipino students. In this episode of PODKAS, we unfold the story behind this humble school supply. We trace its journey from recycled abaca ship ropes in 19th-century America to its central role in post-war Philippine classrooms. We reminisce about the collaborative chaos of group projects, the high-stakes art...

From the anxious moments before a life-changing entrance exam to the simple joy of learning to write your name, one object has been a constant companion for generations of Filipinos: the iconic yellow Mongol pencil. In this episode, we sharpen our focus on this seemingly simple tool to tell a surprisingly complex story of international branding, local manufacturing, and deep cultural embedding. Ho...

Found in virtually every Filipino bathroom from the humblest provincial home to the most luxurious Manila condo, the tabo —that simple plastic water dipper—carries far more cultural weight than its unassuming appearance suggests. In this episode, we trace the tabo's fascinating journey from coconut shell origins in pre-colonial times to its status as a powerful marker of Filipino identity worl...

In this episode, we bridge the gap between myth and reality as we explore the history and infamy of the San Juanico Bridge. Often romanticized as Ferdinand Marcos’s “gift of love” to Imelda, this iconic structure connecting Leyte and Samar is also a concrete symbol of the Marcos regime’s controversial “edifice complex,” cronyism, and international scandal. From its politically charged origins and...

Join us as we peel back the layers on a beloved Filipino condiment staple: banana ketchup. We trace the surprising history of this sweet and tangy red condiment, from its ingenious creation by food scientist and war hero María Orosa during a time of scarcity to its status as a global symbol of Filipino resourcefulness and cultural identity. Discover how a wartime substitute for tomato ketchup beca...

We launch our new series "Bagay-Bagay: Objects of Philippine Life" on Independence Day with the most fitting symbol of all: our national flag. Join us as we trace the flag's storied journey from revolutionary banners to a flag sewn by three women in Hong Kong exile, unfurled at independence, banned for twelve years, and restored as our national symbol. We uncover forgotten stories an...

Our season finale features a discussion on Soledad Duterte, a prominent activist from Davao, exploring her crucial role in local activism and advocacy during and after the EDSA Revolution. Through her life, we examine how Martial Law and the EDSA Revolution impacted regions beyond the capital, particularly Mindanao. Join us!