Star Update Podcast - Cardiology News Summaries

This study was aimed to evaluate if a shorter course of Dual Anti-Platelet Therapy followed by P2Y12 inhibitor monotherapy is as effective as a 12-month course with fewer bleeding events. Five randomized clinical trials were included, with a total of 18,046 participants. Antiplatelet strategies compared were · aspirin and P2Y12 inhibitor for 12 months · aspirin and P2Y12 inhibitor for 1 to 3 month...

Background: Patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD) undergoing Lower extremity revascularization (LER) are at high risk of major adverse limb and cardiovascular events. The VOYAGER PAD trial demonstrated that rivaroxaban 2.5 mg twice daily reduced first events by 15%. The benefit of rivaroxaban on total (first and subsequent) events in this population are unknown. The Objectives: of this stu...

Efficacy and Safety of Antithrombotic Strategies in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation and Recent ACS or PCI With and Without A History of Heart Failure: Insights From the AUGUSTUS Trial The Augustus trial was done in AF patients with recent ACS or PCI, and Apixaban on the background of P2Y12 without aspirin resulted in less bleeding, few hospitalization,s and no significant difference in ischemic...

AFFIRM-AHF-based multinational cost-effectiveness analysis of intravenous ferric carboxymaltose for the treatment of iron deficiency in an acute heart failure setting Heart Failure utilizes major resources and is an economic burden on healthcare systems. Iron deficiency is prevalent in 50% of patients with chronic HF and in 80% of patients hospitalized for acute HF. It is associated with poor func...

Vericiguat in patients with atrial fibrillation and heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: Insights from the VICTORIA (VerICiguaT global study in subjects with HFrEF)   As we know, Heart failure is associated with impaired synthesis of Nitric Oxide and decreased activity of soluble Guanylate Cyclase (sGC), which may contribute to myocardial and vascular dysfunction. By directly stimula...

Efficacy of Omecamtiv mecabril in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction according to N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide level: Insights from the GALACTIC-HF trial. The primary outcome of this trial was the time to first heart failure event or cardiovascular death, which occurred significantly less in patients randomized to Omecamtiv mecabril group. In sub-analysis, the effect of Omec...

What is the evidence and which beta-blocker should a patient with HFmrEF receive? Till Copernicus trial ejection fraction were used to define outcome of a trial, but now this clinical parameter is used to group individuals with Heart Failure that will yield different outcome to a given treatment. In 2016, ESC Heart Failure guidelines classified and defined HF with reduced ejection fraction, HF wit...

The goal of the trial was to assess the efficacy and safety of sacubitril/valsartan compared with ramipril in a contemporary acute myocardial infarction (AMI) IN THIS, 5,660 PATIENTS FROM 43 COUNTRIES WITH MEAN AGE OF 64 YEARS WITH PRIOR MI WITH Left ventricular ejection fraction ≤40% with or without pulmonary congestion WERE RANDOMIZED TO RECEIVE EITHER sacubitril/valsartan OR RAMIPRIL AND WERE F...

In this trial, 15,000 patients from 40 centers across the U.S. were self-enrolled and self-randomized between 2016 & 2019. The Participants were of median age of 67 years With 35.3% had a history of myocardial infarction (MI) and 53% had coronary revascularization within the previous five years. The Results showed after median 26 months of follow-up were as follows No significant difference in...

The goal of the trial was to assess the efficacy and safety of Apixaban 5 mg BID compared with standard of care (antiplatelet therapy [APT] or oral anticoagulant [OAC]) among patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement commonly known as (TAVR). In this study 1500 patients of mean age of 82 years, with 53% having a Self-expanding valve; 47% with balloon-expandable valve and 3% with v...

The goal of the trial was to evaluate surgical left atrial appendage occlusion compared with no occlusion among patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing open-heart surgery. In this trial, 4770 patients on anticoagulation therapy for over 3 years with atrial fibrillation with CHA2DS2-VASc ≥2, were randomized to undergo open-heart surgery with or without left atrial appendage occlusion In result...

Studies have shown that patient with COVID-19 and underlying Cardiovascular disease were more likely to show raised cardiac Troponin-T and have a 70% risk of poor prognosis or early mortality, further data suggest that level of cardio biomarkers like myoglobin, NT-pro BNP was significantly higher in severe & critical cases versus mild cases. It was known that in Covid infections, cardiac morbi...

Recently a meta-analysis was conducted on 7 randomized controlled trials of PCI or CABG plus Optimal Medical Therapy (OMT) versus OMT alone involving 10797 patients with chronic coronary syndromes This is the first meta‐analysis to include patients with CCS and severely reduced left ventricular ejection fraction as well as those with CKD. This is the only meta‐analysis with documented myocardial i...

Triple combination therapy, either initial or sequential is part of the recommendation in the ESC/ERS guidelines for the treatment of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH). OPUS is a prospective, multicenter, observational drug registry of PAH patients newly initiated on macitentan. Recently, analysis was done on treatment patterns, outcomes, and safety for PAH patients receiving triple combinatio...

Aspirin is an affordable, familiar, and most widely prescribed drug for acute and post cardiovascular events or revascularization procedures. It is also an essential member of dual antiplatelet therapy or DAPT (a P2Y12 inhibitor plus ASA) and dual pathway inhibition or DPI (Rivaroxaban plus ASA), and data for both combinations are increasing. Gastrointestinal bleeding is the most common adverse ev...