Nursing School - Audio Review

Understand the etiology and pathophysiology of ChronicKidney Disease (CKD)            •             What is CKD? •             High risk groups •             Stages of CKD 9.           Recognize the clinical manifestations associated with CKD     •             Clinical manifestations of chronic uremia affecting bodily systems.   10. Describe the diagnostic studies related to CKD. •             Ren...

1.                      Review the structures and functions of thekidney.               •             Functionsof the nephron •             Functionsof the kidneys 2.                      Understand the etiology and pathophysiology ofAcute Kidney Injury (AKI).        Common causes of AKI •             Prerenal •             Intrarenal •             Postrenal 3.           Describethe clinical manif...

1. Understand the function of the Pituitary gland &adrenal system.                  AnteriorPituitary: •             Thyroidstimulating hormone. •             Adrenocorticotropichormone (ACTH) Posterior Pituitary: •             Antidiuretichormone (ADH) Adrenals: •             Adrenalmedulla •             Adrenalcortex Regulation of hormone secretion: •             Negativefeedback •          ...

1.       Understand the mechanism of breathing.          Pressure relationships in the thoracic cavity: •             intrapulmonarypressure •             intrapleuralpressure •             importanceof negative pressure in intrapleural space   2.       Understand the rationale for insertion of chesttubes in specific medical-surgical conditions. •             Thoracotomy •             Lobectomy • ...

1.  Define chest trauma.             2.  Identify the causes of chest injury.   •             Planned-Surgical •             Unplanned accidents 3. Identify the common types of planned chest surgery.             •             Thoracotomy •             Pneumonectomy •             Lobectomy •             Wide resection •             Segmental resection 4. Describe classifications of chest trauma.   ...

1.    Describe airway obstruction. a.    Complete airway obstruction b.    Partial airway obstruction c.    Symptoms of airway obstruction d.    Interventions to re-establish apatent airway 2.    Understand the relevantterminologies. a.    Tracheotomy b.    Tracheostomy c.    Cuffed and uncuffed tubes 3.    Recognize the purposes and advantagesof a tracheostomy. a.    Bypass airway obstruction. b....

Learning Outcomes: 1.   Reviewand distinguish between the different ulcer types - pressure, diabetic, andvascular (venous, arterial) including assessments and assessment tools. 2.   WoundBed Preparation Algorithm 3.   Identifyfactors that affect the ability to heal and explain what needs to be consideredwhen correcting or modifying treatable causes of tissue damage (ulcer specific) 4.   Masterasse...

Outline the nursing role in medication therapy for a patient with Dementia. Classifications: ·       Cholinergic o  Aricept, Reminyl, Exelon ·       NMDA Antagonists o  Memantine ·       Others o  SSRIs o  Benzodiazepines o  Antipsychotics o  Antiepileptics   1.    Administration practices: Conditions for drug administration   2.    Assessment: Baseline Patient Status   3.    Monitoring/Evaluation...

1.     Describe pathophysiology of Delirium and Alzheimer’s Dementia (AD). Neuritic plaques, neurofibrillary tangles Deposits of B-amyloid protein Neuronal degeneration/loss Vascular Dementia 2.     Describe diagnostic testing and nursing assessment required for the patient with Delirium and AD. Medical history, cognitive status, physical exam. Lab tests, CT, Pet Scans 3.     Assess and differenti...

1.     Describe relevant terminology. Hospice, Palliative care, Integrated hospice palliative care approach, End-of-life (EOL) care, Continuous palliative sedation. 2.     Contrast the approach of palliative care with disease modification therapy. Illness trajectory, Goals, Focus of care, Presentation/Diagnosis. 3.     Recognize physical manifestations of the end of life and determine patient prio...

Cataracts 1. Describe the pathophysiology of cataracts.  Stages  Opacity of the lens  2. Describe the signs and symptoms of persons experiencing cataracts  Blurred vision  Decreased color perception  Photophobia  Glare in bright light  Cloudy lens  3. Describe the causes of cataracts.   Aging  Trauma  Toxic substance exposure including ultraviolet light  Diabetes  Smoking  4. Describe common medic...

1. Understand the concepts related to loss, death, and grief/bereavement Loss, Death, Grief, Bereavement, Mourning 2. Understand and recognize the grieving process and the types of grief and loss Types of loss (objects, environment, etc.) Types of grief Factors influencing the grieving process   3.Recognize the common needs of the elderly person and the family experiencing bereavement or loss. The...

1. Outline the nursing role in drug therapy for a patient with Parkinson’s Disease. Administration practices: Conditions for drug administration Assessment: Baseline patient status Monitoring/Evaluation: Therapeutic and adverse effects Patient and Caregiver Teaching 2. Describe the drug classification, mechanism of action, precautions, therapeutic and adverse effects of drug therapy in the managem...

1.  Define Parkinson’s disease. Chronic, slow, progressive neurodegenerative disorder caused by loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra of the basal ganglia characterized by tremors at rest, rigidity, bradykinesia, and postural instability. 2.  Describe the pathophysiology of Parkinson’s disease. Role of DA producing neurons in the substantia nigra. Imbalance of two neurotransmitters...

1.     Identify and describe nursing care related to seizures. Obtaining history from patient/family - Type of seizure - Manifestations - Duration - Management Maintaining safety - Seizure precautions - Ensuring compliance with drug therapy Observations and nursing care during a seizure Health promotion for families   2.     Define “status epilepticus” and describe related problems.  

1.     Describe classification of seizures. Focal, generalized, and unknown onset   2.     Describe how seizures are diagnosed. Patient/family history Complete physical and neurological examination Electroencephalogram (EEG) Laboratory and neuroimaging tests   3.     Describe the treatment of seizures. Holistic approach Medications Ketogenic diet Vagal nerve stimulation Surgery

1.     Differentiate between the terms “seizure” and “epilepsy”. Paroxysmal behavior caused by abnormal discharge of neurons. Relation to acute illness   2.     Describe the etiology and pathophysiology of seizures. Genetic Structural/metabolic Neuronal discharges Unknown Phases of seizure   3.     Identify contributing factors to febrile and neonatal seizures. Illness Infection Asphyxia Electroly...

4. Identify nursing interventions relative to the child with ASD and his/her family. Offering family support Identifying signs of anxiety or depression in family members Encourage family to seek assistance or servicesrelated to respite care or support groups Interdisciplinary approach and collaboration Involve family in care planning during hospitalization Individualize care Adapt physical environ...

1.     Identify treatment goals for ASD. Reducing disruptive behaviors Teaching the child how to accomplish purposeful activities Improving communication skills Providing opportunities for socialization Improving self-care skills Alleviating family distress

1.     Describe the etiology of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Developmental disorder Risk factors Diagnosis   2.     Identify signs and symptoms associated with ASD. Impaired social functioning Impaired language development Stereotypical behaviors Self-mutilation Increased aggression in adolescence  

3/3   7. Describe the nursing interventions for dehydration. Rehydration (oral & IV) Strict monitoring of intake & output Accurate weight of child Health teaching to prevent gastroenteritis

2/3 4. Describe how to determine the severity of dehydration. Weight change (in % or in mL/kg) Signs and symptoms   5. Relate the extent of dehydration to thetherapy. Fluid and electrolyte replacement   6. Describe the nursing problems most oftenseen in dehydrated children. Fluid and Electrolytes: -Fluid Volume Deficit -Fluid and electrolytes imbalances Nutrition: less than body requirements Impai...

1/2 1.     Describe the pathophysiology of dehydration in a child. Risk factors for dehydration Consequences of dehydration Compensatory mechanism Types of dehydration 2. Compare and contrast the fluid and electrolyte requirements of children in various age groups. Pediatric differences Fluid requirements and minimum output   3. Identify common tests related to GI dysfunctionand dehydration Urine...

1. Identify how nutritional challenges are related to certain health conditions in children and adolescents. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) • Ulcerative colitis (UC) • Crohn’s disease (CD) Malabsorption disorders • Celiac disease Diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM II) Obesity Failure to thrive (FTT) Anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa 2. Identify health promotion strategies to optimizenutritional sta...

1.     Recall the nutritional requirements of children and adolescents. toddler and preschool school age adolescent 2.     Identify factors that can influence nutritional intake for children and adolescents. Weight and height progression Growth and developmental stage Illness and disease Physical activity level Media influences