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Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome occurs when someone has an accessory pathway through which electrical signals can travel in the heart and bypass the AV node or travel backwards from the ventricles to the atria. WPW can cause supraventricular and ventricular tachycardias. The definitive treatment is ablation of the accessory pathway.   Links and resources: Follow us on Instagram @yourekiddingrightdo...

The newborn hearing screen is a test conducted on all newborn babies with the aim of early detection of possible hearing problems. In this episode, we discuss how this screen works, the possible results, risk factors for hearing loss, and more.    Links and resources: Follow us on Instagram @yourekiddingrightdoctors Our email is yourekiddingrightpod@gmail.com Make sure you hit SUBSCRIBE/FOLLOW so...

Systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis is a type of juvenile idiopathic arthritis than can occur in children. The classic features are polyarthritis, quotidien fever, evanescent rash, serositis like pericarditis or pleuritis, lymphadenopathy and hepatosplenomegaly.  Follow us on Instagram @yourekiddingrightdoctors Our email is yourekiddingrightpod@gmail.com Make sure you hit SUBSCRIBE/FOLLOW so yo...

Superior mesenteric artery (SMA) syndrome is a gastrointestinal condition that occurs when the duodenum is compressed between the aorta and the superior mesenteric artery. This causes an obstruction of the duodenum, and can be significantly debilitating. In this episode, we cover the pathophysiology, presentation, management and more.    Links and resources: Follow us on Instagram @yourekiddingrig...

Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (or ABPA) is a hypersensitivity reaction that some people get in response to having the mould aspergillus in their lungs. It is most often seen in people with asthma or cystic fibrosis. Follow us on Instagram @yourekiddingrightdoctors Our email is yourekiddingrightpod@gmail.com Make sure you hit SUBSCRIBE/FOLLOW so you don't miss out on any pearls of wisdom...

Erb's palsy affects the upper limb when the brachial plexus is damaged, with the most common reason being traumatic delivery.  Although it generally resolves over time, some more serious injuries of the brachial plexus can occur. In this episode, we discuss Erb's palsy and its management.   Links and resources: Follow us on Instagram @yourekiddingrightdoctors Our email is yourekiddingrightpod@gmai...

Mesenteric adenitis is a common condition affecting children and teenagers. It is caused by the enlargement of lymph nodes in response to an infection, generally a viral one. It is quite painful and can be mistaken for appendicitis - however it is also a diagnosis of exclusion!   In this episode we discuss how mesenteric adenitis presents, the aetiology, management and more!   Links and resources:...

Mesenteric adenitis is a common condition affecting children and teenagers. It is caused by the enlargement of lymph nodes in response to an infection, generally a viral one. It is quite painful and can be mistaken for appendicitis - however it is also a diagnosis of exclusion!   In this episode we discuss how mesenteric adenitis presents, the aetiology, management and more!   Links and resources:...

Williams syndrome is a genetic disorder caused by a microdeletion in chromosome 7. This can cause things like cardiac anomalies, hypercalcaemia and intellectual disability, and it is associated with distinctive facial features and personality. Follow us on Instagram @yourekiddingrightdoctors Our email is yourekiddingrightpod@gmail.com (This isn't individual medical advice, please use your own clin...

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is a genetic conditions where you get hypertrophy of the heart muscles, particularly the left ventricle and often the interventricular septum. This causes diastolic dysfunction as the thickened, stiff ventricles can't fill with blood properly. In some cases, people also get outflow tracts obstruction in the left ventricle, so not only does it not fill properly, but also...

Following on from our recent episode on assessing head injuries, we discuss concussion. A concussion is a mild traumatic brain injury which temporarily alters brain function. It's really common - about 20% of children will have one by the age of 10.  In this episode, we discuss why kids are more likely to have a concussion, how to assess a child with a possible concussion, and management. We refer...

Alagille syndrome is a genetic disorder that can affect a variety of organs. In the liver it causes a lack of bile ducts to drain bile out of the liver and hence the bile builds up and causes liver damage. It can also affect other parts of the body like the heart, eyes, bones and kidneys. Follow us on Instagram @yourekiddingrightdoctors Our email is yourekiddingrightpod@gmail.com (This isn't indiv...

Head injuries are a common presenting complaint in kids. They can be a source of major concern for parents and clinicians alike. 1-2% of presentations to paediatric emergency services are head injuries of varying severity, although most are minor. In this episode, we cover the assessment of head injuries and how to decide whether imaging or other investigations are required or not.   Links and res...

Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome is a rare cause of peptic ulcer disease. It is when gastrin-producing tumours called gastrinomas cause excess production of stomach acid. The excess acid damages the lining of the stomach and duodenum, leading to ulcers.  Follow us on Instagram @yourekiddingrightdoctors Our email is yourekiddingrightpod@gmail.com (This isn't individual medical advice, please use your own...

A tongue tie is where the piece of tissue under the tongue, called a frenulum, is tighter than usual. They are found in about 3% of babies, and are more common in boys.  Although it was previously common practice to release tongue ties, further research has demonstrated that not all babies with a tongue tie require release, and indeed many babies with one can feed well without a release. There are...

The adrenal glands are part of your endocrine system and release some really important hormones! Broadly, the cortex produces steroid hormones (i.e. aldosterone, cortisol and androgens) and the medulla produces catecholamines (i.e. adrenaline and noradrenaline). In this episode we discuss the structure and function of the adrenals and the hormones they produce.   Follow us on Instagram @yourekiddi...

Helicobacter pylori is a bacteria that causes inflammation of the stomach and duodenum lining. It is most often acquired in early childhood and causes some sub-clinical gastritis but usually doesn't cause overt symptoms until later in life when it can present with peptic ulcers, iron deficiency anaemia and certain cancers. Treatment is with oral antibiotics and a proton pump inhibitor. Follow us o...

Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) are severe skin and other body system manifestations of immune hypersensitivity, typically in response to medications and, more commonly in kids, infections. They used to be thought of as different conditions but now we think of them as occurring on a spectrum, according to how much of the body surface is affected. Toxic epidermal...

Parenteral nutrition (PN) is the process of giving someone their nutrition intravenously. It is given when someone's digestive tract isn't working properly so they can't get their energy/nutrient/fluid needs enterally (via the GIT). Today we will discuss: What is in the PN bags? Why someone might need PN What are the complications Follow us on Instagram @yourekiddingrightdoctors Our email is youre...

Hypokalaemia is a low serum potassium levels. In paediatrics, see it most commonly in the setting of GI losses, but there are many other causes to be aware of too. The big thing that we worry about with hypokalaemia is the potential development of cardiac arrhythmias, which may be life threatening.  In this episode, we go through some of the important causes of hypokalaemia, presentation of sympto...

Iron studies can be tricky to interpret – many people struggle with it. Today, we go through what each part of the iron studies mean, how these levels may be impacted, when to do iron studies and when the levels may be spurious.   Links and resources: Follow us on Instagram @yourekiddingrightdoctors Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/yourekiddingrightpod-107273607638323/ Our email is yourekiddingr...

Bilious vomiting in any child or baby is an urgent matter requiring further workup and management as a matter of priority. This is because bilious vomiting is an initial sign of intestinal obstruction, and a missed obstruction could have catastrophic consequences.  In this episode, we focus on bilious vomiting in neonates, which is a presentation that comes up not infrequently in nurseries, postna...

In this episode we discuss: Developmental milestones Red flags Primitive reflexes Feeding Sleep Weight Growth Teething   Follow us on Instagram @yourekiddingrightdoctors Our email is yourekiddingrightpod@gmail.com Make sure you hit SUBSCRIBE/FOLLOW so you don't miss out on any pearls of wisdom and RATE if you can to help other people find us! (This isn't individual medical advice, please use your...

Trisomy 21, or Down Syndrome, is the most common chromosomal abnormality in live births. Some of the most common issues associated with it are cardiac defects, intellectual disability and low muscle tone. Overall, prognosis has come a very long way in the past few decades.  Follow us on Instagram @yourekiddingrightdoctors Our email is yourekiddingrightpod@gmail.com (This isn't individual medical a...

Acute otitis media is an extremely common infection in kids - 75% of children have at least one episode by school age. In fact, 50% of kids have had at least 3 episodes of AOM by the time they are 3 years. Generally, it doesn't require antibiotic therapy, but there are some cases in which antibiotic therapy is recommended.  In this episode, we go through the presentation, pathophysiology, relevant...