STAT Stitch Deep Dive Podcast Beyond The Bedside

🟠 Cirrhosis Patho: Hepatocyte loss → fibrotic nodules → portal HTN → varices/ascites; ↓ albumin & clotting factors; ↑ ammonia → hepatic encephalopathy (HE) . Meds: • Diuretics: spironolactone (K⁺-sparing), furosemide (K⁺-wasting) → track I&O, K⁺. • Ammonia ↓: lactulose (2–3 soft stools/day), rifaximin (↓ gut bacteria). • Varices: non-selective β-blockers (propranolol/nadolol) prevent blee...

🟠 Cirrhosis Patho: Hepatocyte loss → fibrotic nodules → portal HTN → varices/ascites; ↓ albumin & clotting factors; ↑ ammonia → hepatic encephalopathy (HE) . Meds: • Diuretics: spironolactone (K⁺-sparing), furosemide (K⁺-wasting) → track I&O, K⁺. • Ammonia ↓: lactulose (2–3 soft stools/day), rifaximin (↓ gut bacteria). • Varices: non-selective β-blockers (propranolol/nadolol) prevent blee...

🧪 DIABETES MELLITUS (DM) Patho: • T1DM: Autoimmune β-cell loss → absolute insulin ↓ → ketosis prone. • T2DM: Insulin resistance + relative insulin ↓; ketosis rare (stress/infection). • Prediabetes: IFG 100–125; IGT 140–199 (OGTT). Acute priorities: • Hypoglycemia (<70): Rule of 15 → 15 g fast CHO, recheck 15 min; repeat PRN. If NPO/LOC: IM glucagon or IV D50 . • DKA (T1): Kussmaul, fruity brea...

🧪 DIABETES MELLITUS (DM) Patho: • T1DM: Autoimmune β-cell loss → absolute insulin ↓ → ketosis prone. • T2DM: Insulin resistance + relative insulin ↓; ketosis rare (stress/infection). • Prediabetes: IFG 100–125; IGT 140–199 (OGTT). Acute priorities: • Hypoglycemia (<70): Rule of 15 → 15 g fast CHO, recheck 15 min; repeat PRN. If NPO/LOC: IM glucagon or IV D50 . • DKA (T1): Kussmaul, fruity brea...

🫁 Thoracic Trauma High-Yield (NCLEX/ED) I) 🌪️ Tension Pneumothorax (TPTX) Key idea: Clinical dx—treat now, don’t wait for imaging. Patho: One-way valve → air traps in pleura → lung collapse + mediastinal shift → ↓venous return → obstructive shock; often from PPV with visceral injury. Meds: O₂ (often high-flow). Analgesia after stabilization. Team: MD does immediate needle/finger decompress → ches...

🚑 Trauma Shock & Thorax Emergencies I) 🩸 Hemorrhagic (Hypovolemic) Shock Patho: Acute blood loss ↓preload → ↓SV/CO; early tachycardia + vasoconstriction; prolonged hypoperfusion → lactic acidosis; lethal triad = 🧊 hypothermia + 🩸 coagulopathy + acidosis. Fluids/Blood: Warm crystalloids (1 L adult, 20 mL/kg peds) → avoid excess; consider permissive hypotension. MTP: pRBCs/Plasma/Plts (warm)...

🛑 Acute Airway & Ventilation Review 1) 🫁 Acute Airway Obstruction & Compromise Patho: Fastest killer in trauma. Obstruction may be complete/partial/progressive. Common: tongue occluding hypopharynx with ↓LOC; also vomit, blood/secretions, teeth/FBs. ↓LOC → high aspiration risk → often needs definitive airway. RSI Meds: Etomidate 0.3 mg/kg → sedation w/ minimal BP/ICP effect; watch adrena...

🧑‍⚕️ Med-Surg Exam Guide: Rheumatic Disorders 1) 🦴 Osteoarthritis (OA) Patho: Local, non-systemic wear of articular cartilage → osteophytes; brief AM stiffness (<30 min). Meds: Acetaminophen → pain (watch max dose). NSAIDs/COX-2 → pain/↑GI & CV risk; take w/ food. Intra-articular steroids → short-term relief; rest joint x1 wk. Topicals (capsaicin/diclofenac) → regular use; avoid heat/sun....

🫁 Airway Compromise & Obstruction (A) Pathophysiology: Life-threatening blockage → prevents gas exchange. Causes: foreign bodies, fractures, blood/secretions, trauma, ↓LOC (GCS ≤8). Failure to speak/respond = urgent airway issue. 💊 TXA: ↓bleeding, ↑survival if given ≤3 hrs post-injury. Continue infusion 8 hrs after bolus. Team Roles: 👨‍⚕️ Leader → directs & coordinates 👩‍⚕️ Airway mana...

🦴 Medical–Surgical Exam Review Guide: Musculoskeletal Problems 1️⃣ Osteomyelitis (Bone Infection) Pathophysiology: Infection of bone, bone marrow, and soft tissue (usually Staphylococcus aureus ). Microbes enter via hematogenous spread (common in children, IV drug users, diabetics) or direct inoculation (open wounds, surgery, prosthetic joints). Inflammation → pus → ↑ intramedullary pressure → ↓...

🩺 Med-Surg Review: Musculoskeletal Trauma (High-Yield, <2800 chars) 1) Acute Soft-Tissue Injuries — Sprain/Strain/Dislocation • Sprain: ligament tear/stretch. • Strain: muscle/tendon tear/stretch. • Dislocation: complete joint surface separation → risk neurovascular injury & avascular necrosis . Meds: NSAIDs (GI bleed risk), analgesics (opioid constipation/resp depression). Team: MD (X-ray...

🦴 I. Impaired Bone Integrity & Structure Core Concept: Bone = dynamic tissue of collagen (organic) + calcium/phosphate (inorganic). Remodeling = resorption (osteoclasts) + formation (osteoblasts). Imbalance → bone weakness, ↓ density, ↑ fracture risk. ⚕️ Common Meds & Nursing Cues: Ca & Vit D: Maintain mineral balance. Monitor diet/nutrition. Opioids/NSAIDs: Pain control. Watch for GI...

This episode lets you guys know I found an ATLS manual to upload. I am super excited

💊 PHARM STUDY GUIDE: HALOPERIDOL (Haldol) Class: First-generation antipsychotic 🧠 MOA (80/20): High-potency D2 receptor antagonist → ↓ mesolimbic dopamine (helps positive symptoms). D2 block in other tracts drives side effects. 🧭 Dopamine Pathways (clinical relevance): Mesolimbic: D2 block → ↓ hallucinations/delusions ✅. Nigrostriatal: D2 block → EPS /pseudoparkinsonism ⚠️. Tuberoinfundibular:...

💊 PHARM STUDY GUIDE: AMITRIPTYLINE (Elavil) Class: Tricyclic Antidepressant (TCA) 🧠 MOA (80/20): Blocks neuronal reuptake of serotonin & norepinephrine ; also anticholinergic , antihistamine, and sodium-channel effects → efficacy + side-effect burden. NCBI 📋 Indications (what you’ll actually see): Major depressive disorder Off-label, low dose : neuropathic pain, migraine prevention, insomni...

💊 PHARM STUDY GUIDE: VENLAFAXINE Class: SNRI – Serotonin Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitor 🧠 Mechanism of Action (MOA): Blocks reuptake of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) → ↑ levels in synaptic cleft → improved mood & anxiety control. Weak dopamine effect. 📋 Indications: Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) 🧩 Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) 😰 Panic & Social Anxiety Disorders 😳...

💊 HIGH-YIELD SSRI OVERVIEW (80/20 Rule) (Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors) 🧠 Core Concept: SSRIs ↑ serotonin levels by blocking reuptake in the synaptic cleft — boosting mood, reducing anxiety, and stabilizing emotional regulation. 📋 Top Drugs to Know: Fluoxetine (Prozac) 🌀 Sertraline (Zoloft) 🌊 Escitalopram (Lexapro) 💎 Citalopram (Celexa) 🌤 Paroxetine (Paxil) ⚠️ (sedating, more withd...

🫀 Core Concepts Cardiac arrest = electrical failure (VF/pVT) or mechanical/perfusion failure (Asystole/PEA). On the floor/ICU, arrests are often preceded by resp failure or hypovolemia → RR <6 or >30, HR <40 or >140, SBP <90 → activate Rapid Response . ACS pathway: plaque → rupture → thrombus → ischemia/MI. STEMI = full occlusion , NSTE-ACS = partial ; ischemia makes myocardium irr...

🫀 Why Patients Die (and How ACLS Saves Them) Cardiac arrest = no effective circulation → global ischemia. Survival hinges on CPP (aortic diastolic − RA pressure). • High-quality CPR (≥2 in/5 cm, 100–120/min , full recoil, CCF ≥80% ) maintains CPP; every pause tanks CPP . • Defibrillation for VF/pVT stuns chaotic myocardium → pacemakers can resume an organized rhythm (ROSC). Shock early. Rhythms &...

⚡ ACLS Deep Dive: Rhythms with a Pulse (Brady & Tachy) ⚡ 1️⃣ Core Concepts — When to Shock, When to Chill 💥 Synchronized Cardioversion: For unstable rhythms with a pulse — unstable SVT, AFib, flutter, or monomorphic VT. Sedate if possible. ⚡ Unsynchronized (Defibrillation): For pulseless VT/VF or unstable polymorphic VT (if rhythm can’t be timed safely). 🧠 Rule: If they have a pulse but a...

💨 ACLS Deep Dive: Respiratory Arrest (With a Pulse) 🫁 1️⃣ BLS Foundation — Keep It Basic, Keep It Alive Scene safe ✅ → Check responsiveness → Shout for help 📣 → Activate emergency response 🚑 → Check breathing + pulse simultaneously (≤10 sec). 💤 If no breathing but pulse present → Respiratory Arrest . 👉 Deliver 1 breath every 6 seconds (10/min) via BVM or advanced airway. 👉 Recheck pulse ev...

🧠 ACLS Deep Dive: Stroke Edition (High-Yield & Real-World) 🚨 1️⃣ Stroke Chain of Survival — “Time = Brain” Recognize ➡️ Call 9-1-1 🚑 ➡️ EMS alerts hospital ➡️ Rapid diagnosis ➡️ Treatment (thrombolytics or EVT). Goal: minimize brain injury, maximize recovery. Every minute = 1.9 million neurons lost. ⏱️ 2️⃣ Critical Drug — Alteplase (tPA) 💉 • Window: ≤3 hr from symptom onset (extend to 4.5...

🔥 ACLS Deep Dive: High-Yield Crash Summary 🔥 1️⃣ Chain of Survival – Keep It Simple Recognize 🚨 → Activate EMS 🚑 → Rapid transport + prearrival notice → ED/cath lab diagnosis → Reperfusion 💥. STEMI survival depends on speed. Every second = muscle saved. 2️⃣ Shockable vs Nonshockable – Know the Split 💥 VFib & pulseless VT = shock now . 🫀 Asystole & PEA = compress & give epi . Def...

🧠 NEUROLOGY: HIGH-YIELD NURSING STUDY GUIDE ⚡ Your rapid-fire review of the neuro system’s biggest killers and clinical traps. Straight to the point, loaded with red flags 🚨, and built for real-world nursing. 🩸 TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY (TBI) & ICP Mild TBI: GCS ≥13, LOC <30 min. 90% of all neurotrauma. Moderate–Severe TBI: GCS ≤12. Watch for Cushing’s Triad (↑BP, ↓HR, irregular respiratio...

🧠 HIGH-YIELD NEURO NURSING STUDY GUIDE ⚡ This guide hits the 20% of neuro content that gives you 80% of your clinical edge —rapid, focused, and straight to what matters in exams and practice. 🩸 Trauma & ICP Mild TBI: GCS ≥13, minor capillary bleed. Mod/Severe TBI: GCS 9–12/≤8. Watch for Cushing’s Triad 🚨 (↑BP, ↓HR, irregular resp). ➤ Manage w/ mannitol or hypertonic saline , maintain airwa...