PODKAS

After El Filibusterismo, Rizal put pen to paper to produce his third novel. However, due to the many circumstances of having to return to the Philippines and his exile to Dapitan, this third novel never materialized and was left to the depths of oblivion until a draft of its manuscript, several pages written in Lagueño Tagalog, was found. Join us in unraveling the mystery of Rizal's third novel in...

We include La Liga Filipina in the discussion of Rizal's works because even if the association immediately failed, it marks an essential change in Rizal's evolving ideas and objectives. What is the Liga, and what did it hope to achieve? And how is it linked to the Katipunan? Find out in this episode of #RizalOnAir.

After discussing some of the old and new characters of the El Fili, we now focus on the main plot of the novel (Simoun's revenge) and its other story arcs and subplots, such as the story of Kabesang Tales, his quest for justice, and how the system was so rotten he decided to seek justice through other means. The Fili is a more political novel, and the story itself proves this. Listen up to find ou...

Rizal followed up the Noli with a sequel titled El Filibusterismo , an attempt to tie the loose ends he left in his earlier novel. In this episode, we introduce El Fili, its major plot points, and its new characters.

Del Pilar prodded Rizal to write a letter to a select group of women in Malolos, who, after some struggle and resistance, were able to establish a school so they could learn Spanish. Rizal happily obliged. The letter is now known as The Letter to the Women of Malolos, a lengthy reminder on many things, but most importantly, praise for the women's desire for education. Know more about this in this...

This is PODKAS's 100th episode! And because of some great mystery, we deal with a Rizal writing that has to do something with 100: Filipinas dentro de cien años , or The Philippines a Century Hence . Rizal did not only write about the Philippine past (Annotations of Sucesos) and present (Sobre la Indolencia), but he also predicted the fate of the Philippines in the next hundred years. What did he...

Rizal sought to elevate the Filipinos not only by championing their welfare within the colonial society but, more importantly, by arguing that their conditions were not entirely their fault. One particular accusation by the colonizers that Rizal abhorred was that the Filipinos had an inherent predisposition to laziness. In Sobre la Indolencia de los Filipinos, he admitted that laziness exists, but...

Instead of writing a history of the Philippines, Rizal chose to write a novel that exposed Philippine society's ills. But he just couldn't let go of history, so instead of writing a new one, he annotated Antonio de Morga's Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas. We talk about this work in this episode of #RizalOnAir.

We pick off from where we left off in the last episode when we talked about the context and the characters of Rizal's most important work, the Noli Me Tangere. This time around, we reveal some of the choicest plot points and the impact of the novel on our country's history. Join us!

From Rizal's early works, we proceed straight to one of his major ones: the Noli Me Tangere. We discussed the context of the publication and some of the characters that we liked in Rizal's magnum opus! Listen up.

#RizalOnAir comes back with a new episode! We mark the beginning of this season's third phase, focusing on Rizal's writings, by talking about his early writings from his Ateneo days until he left for Europe. It's an exciting mix of historical and nationalistic poems (most notably, A La Juventud Filipin a), religious plays ( El Consejo De Los Dioses and Junto Al Pasig ), and some love writing too!...

The memorialization of Rizal has spanned multiple media: movies, money, holidays, and other forms. But one form seems most enduring: the monument. In this episode, we talk about the different monuments of Rizal. From Luneta to the rest of the world, find out how Rizal has been depicted in stone in this new episode of #RizalOnAir. We’ll be away for a bit, and next month, we’ll return with a new epi...

Rizal's impact was so enormous that he became a popular cultural product himself. In this episode, we talk about one particular media where Rizal has become the usual focus: movies. The centenary of the Philippine Revolution in 1996 led to some of the most popular Rizal movies in recent memory: Jose Rizal: Ang Buhay ng Isang Bayani (1996), Rizal sa Dapitan (1997), Jose Rizal (1998), and Bayaning T...

At the heart of the debate about whether Rizal is a radical or a reformist is how he perceived revolution as a concept and the revolution led by the Katipunan. We unpack some prominent points of this debate by referring to the works of Agoncillo, Constantino, and Quibuyen in this episode of #RizalOnAir.

We continue our discussion on Rizal by focusing on his relevance and how he remained "present" even after his death. In this episode, we look at the Rizalistas or those who view Rizal as a divine being and part of their faith and religious belief. How do we make sense of this reverence for Rizal, beyond seeing him as a hero but also as a god? Listen up to know more.

Rizal's death sounded the death knell of Spain's more than three centuries of colonization of the Philippines. What were the circumstances surrounding his execution, and how did he prepare for his imminent death? Learn more in this episode of #RizalOnAir.

Rizal realized that if he were to realize his vision for Filipinos, he must fight this fight in the Philippines. Upon his return, he established the Liga Filipina, but just a few days later, he was arrested and exiled to a remote town in Mindanao called Dapitan. Here, he stayed for four years, putting into practice all the professions we know him for: engineer, teacher, artist, physician, among ot...

Rizal’s life abroad was productively spent not only on writing but also in fraternizing with like-minded ilustrados that launched the propaganda movement in Spain. Know more about them and more in this episode of #RizalOnAir.

In this episode, we argue that the stereotype of Rizal as a womanizer is rather unfair. We deem him more a romantic than a playboy. Let's us take a quick look at Rizal's long list of ex-lovers in this episode of #RizalOnAir.

In 1882, Rizal left for Europe to pursue further studies. During these years of Rizal abroad, he spent time not only studying but also fraternizing with fellow Filipinos and being involved in the propaganda movement. What difficulties did he face during these years? Find out in this episode of Rizal On Air.

Chances are, the stuff you know about the boy Jose Rizal is mostly invented. He isn’t exactly a boy genius of immeasurable talent and a kind heart. He’s just… normal. But many events of his young life set the stage for who he became later on. Find out about it and more in this episode.

To know Rizal, we must first understand the context of his life and heroism. We do that by looking at the developments of the Philippines as Spain’s colony in the nineteenth century, and the conditions that brought about the ideas and experiences of Jose Rizal.

Why legislate a mandatory subject on the life and works of Jose Rizal? To answer this, we look back at the 1950s, when the Rizal Bill was proposed in the Philippine Congress, and the trials it went through before it became a law.

We look back at the second quarter of 2022 in this new Catch Up episode. We talked about the elections, the results, and the troubles of legitimate media organizations, and ruminate about how we could move forward under a new administration.  We also talked about the series of changes in the lives of the PODKAS team, and the upcoming series, #RizalOnAir.  Join us 

Ngayong kaarawan ni Rizal, samahan niyo kaming buksan ang bagong season ng PODKAS! Simula July 2022, tampok ang buhay, kabayanihan, at sulatin ni Rizal sa RIZAL ON AIR. Makakasama natin sa bagong season na ito si Dr. Janet Reguindin-Estella ng Ateneo de Manila University. Kitakits!