小花的姐夫
悲剧的诞生
全书围绕日神和酒神的激烈斗争而展开,认为 古希腊艺术 产生于日神冲动和酒神冲突。日神阿波罗是光明之神,在其光辉中,万物显示出美的外观,而酒神则象征情欲的放纵,是一种痛苦与狂欢交织着的癫狂状态。日神产生了造型艺术,如诗歌和雕塑。酒神冲动产生了音乐艺术。人生处于痛苦与悲惨的状态中,日神艺术将这种状态遮蔽,使其呈现出美的外观,使人能活得下去。希腊神话就是这样产生的。酒神冲动则把人生悲惨的现实真实地揭示出来,揭示出日神艺术的根基,使个体在痛苦与消亡中回归世界的本体。尼采认为,悲剧产生于二者的结合。尼采更强调悲剧世界观,认为只有在酒神状态中,人们才能认识到个体生命的欲火和整体生命的坚不可摧,由此才产生出一...
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