AJR Podcasts

Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.23.30156   Sid Dogra, MD discusses an article in which the authors investigate various combinations of imaging acquisitions and diagnostic criteria for hepatocellular carcinoma using contrast-enhanced ultrasound with the agent perfluorobutane.

Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.23.29938   Peter Gunderman, MD discusses a study finding complications of lung biopsy are more common in patients with usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP), but only when the proceduralist traverses findings of UIP–a surprising discovery that raises questions about patient positioning and lung biopsy safety. 

Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/ajr.23.29778   Farzaneh Ghazi Sherbaf, MD discusses an AJR article analyzing recent research using photon-counting detector CT to better visualize and characterize infrapopliteal arteries by providing higher spatial resolution compared to conventional CT to overcome calcified plaque artifact, even with lower IV contrast media dosage. 

Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.23.30008   Robert Smalley, MD discusses a new article that covers the findings of a national survey of U.S. radiology departments and their policies on visa sponsorship for IMG faculty.

Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.23.30060   Shruti Kumar, MD discusses a study that investigates the optimal neuroimaging approaches for patients with dizziness in the emergency department. It explores how specialized MRI emerges as the most cost-effective strategy, offering enhanced stroke detection and improving long-term outcomes and preventive measures. 

Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.23.29889   This podcast from George Vilanilam, MD focusses on sarcopenia and its assessment using CT scans. Sarcopenia is often assessed using the Skeletal Muscle Index (SMI), which is calculated by dividing the Skeletal Muscle Area (SMA) at the third lumbar vertebra (L3) by the patient's height squared. However, this study aimed to determine...

Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.23.29826   Hong Linda Li, MD discusses a new article that examines the need for a comprehensive approach that integrates clinical, radiological, and histopathological data for accurate diagnosis and management of adrenal masses.

Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.23.29769   In this podcast, Bahram Mohajer, MD, MPH introduces a study on AI's role in assessing endotracheal tube positions on chest radiographs. The study demonstrates high sensitivity and specificity in identifying tube presence and positioning, especially in critical cases. The AI system's potential to expedite detection and reduce delays...

Full article: https://ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.23.29984   Robbie Hill, MD discusses an article in which the authors derive an optimal size threshold for determining retropharyngeal lymph node involvement in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) based on outcome predictions. The authors show that the optimally derived threshold of 6mm provides better outcome predictions and may lead to improved treat...

Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.23.29964   Xiao Xiao Tong, MD discusses an original research article that focuses on the pathological correlation of MRI scoring systems. The upgrade and downgrade rates from targeted biopsy to radical prostatectomy were not significantly different between patients whose MRI examinations were clinically interpreted using PI-RADS v2.0 or v2.1....

Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.23.29950   In this episode, Alessandro Micelli, MD discusses an article detailing the advantages that photon-counting detector (PCD) CT can give in the setting of lumbar spine CT, specifically in terms of better CNR and lower radiation dose exposure. This original research study represents first steps in the PCD CT era and will be useful to g...

Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.23.29670   Sid Dogra, MD discusses an AJR article in which the authors show that retained biopsy site markers following resection of breast lesions increases risk of residual malignancy, particularly in patients whose initial pathology suggested malignancy. Radiologists can improve patient care by more explicitly noting missing biopsy site ma...

Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.23.29655   Shruti Kumar, MD discusses an AJR study that compares the performance of mammography alone, standalone artificial intelligence (AI), ultrasound alone, and a combination of these methods in a sample of 1,325 women. The study suggests that adding AI to mammography and ultrasound does not provide significant benefit in cancer detectio...

Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/ajr.23.29570   Childhood obesity is a growing epidemic globally. Precisely quantifying abdominal fat distribution on MRI could be valuable for research and clinical care, but manual segmentation is extremely tedious. Farzaneh Ghazi Sherbaf, MD discusses a recent study in which the authors developed and validated an AI method to automatically segm...

Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.23.29607   When grading hepatic steatosis on MRI, we generally assume that chemical-shift images are needed. Robert Smalley, MD takes a look at a recent AJR article that proposes a simpler way using in-and-opposed-phase images. How good is it, and is it ready for clinical adoption? 

Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/ajr.23.29674   Peter Gunderman, MD discusses a recent study that finds artificial intelligence can accurately predict the pathology of pure ground glass nodules, at least in the subset of nodules representing variants of adenocarcinoma. 

Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.23.29609   Hong Linda Li, MD discusses a new AJR article that details how preoperative MRI-based staging can predict biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy as effectively as post-surgical pathologic staging.

Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.23.29414   Shambo Guha Roy, MD discusses an article in which the authors developed a deep learning model to predict 30-day mortality of community acquired pneumonia from chest radiographs.

Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.23.29340   Wenhui Zhou, MD, PhD reviews a recent AJR article that explored the feasibility of pulmonary MRA for evaluating pulmonary embolism during a contrast media shortage in 2022. The results of this study highlight the value of pulmonary MRA as a practical alternative to pulmonary CTA, especially in emergency settings. 

Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.23.29285   Leo Jia, MD discusses a new AJR article that finds radiologic evidence of unambiguous extranodal extension of lymph node metastases may have a role in the initial staging evaluation of patients diagnosed with non-small cell lung cancer.

Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.23.29151   Rachana Borkar, MBBS discusses a study shows high negative predictive value for clear cell renal cell carcinoma. The score could impact clinical decisions in patients by guiding risk stratification and patient selection for active surveillance through identification of patients unlikely to have clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.23.29120   With the exponential rise of AI, and with radiology being at the forefront of this revolution, this article breaks the model by taking a unique approach in performing experimental and validation studies using natural language processing modules and focusing on recommendations for additional imaging alone. Aruj Chawla, DO discus...

Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.23.29352   Transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) are very common in the United States, and prompt diagnosis of TIAs is important as they are associated with an increased risk of subsequent stroke. Jesi Kim, MD provides a discussion and critical analysis of an important article that demonstrates increased odds of subsequent stroke in patients who...

Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.23.29139   Most patients with cancer will undergo multiple contrast-enhanced CT examinations in the diagnosis and treatment on malignancy, raising concern for contrast-associated renal injury for often medically complex patients. Juliet Alla, MD discusses an article that seeks to develop and validate a model to predict the risk of contras...

Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.23.29002   Mohanned Alnammi, MD discusses a study that assessed the frequency of mucinous degeneration following neoadjuvant therapy and to compare outcomes among patients with nonmucinous, mucinous tumors, and those with mucinous degeneration on MRI. It revealed that mucinous degeneration is relatively uncommon and did not have a clear a...