This Week in Neuroscience

TWiN describes a study that reveals activation of endogenous retroviruses in oligodenroglia from patients with traumatic brain injury.  Hosts:  Vincent Racaniello ,  Jason Shepherd , and  Timothy Cheung Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts ,  Google Podcasts ,  RSS Links for this episode MicrobeTV Discord Server Activation of e ndogenous retroviruses  in TBI oligodendroglia (Cell Rep) Timestamps by  J...

TWiN explains an amazing study of a man who was paralyzed after a spinal cord injury and regained the ability to walk after implantation of a brain-spinal cord interface.  Hosts:  Vincent Racaniello ,  Jason Shepherd , and  Timothy Cheung Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts ,  Google Podcasts ,  RSS Links for this episode MicrobeTV Discord Server Walking naturally after spinal cord injury (Nature) Th...

TWiN explains research showing that interaction between glioma cells and neurons in the brain shares mechanistic features with synaptic plasticity that contributes to memory and learning in the healthy brain.  Hosts:  Vincent Racaniello ,  Jason Shepherd , and  Timothy Cheung Subscribe (free):  Apple Podcasts ,  Google Podcasts ,  RSS Links for this episode MicrobeTV Discord Server Glioma synapses...

TWiN discusses research showing that sciatic nerve activation with electroacupuncture at the sciatic nerve controls systemic inflammation and rescues mice from polymicrobial peritonitis, by inducing vagal activation of aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase, leading to the production of dopamine in the adrenal medulla.  Hosts:  Vincent Racaniello ,  Jason Shepherd , and  Timothy Cheung Subscribe (fre...

TWiN reviews a mouse model of ADHD to characterize hypersensitivity to pain, and that sensitization is further amplified in a pathological inflammatory state. Hosts:  Vincent Racaniello ,  Jason Shepherd , and  Timothy Cheung Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts ,  Google Podcasts ,  RSS Links for this episode MicrobeTV Discord Server Pain hypersensitivity  in ADHD model (PNAS) Timestamps by  Jolene ....

TWiN discusses a study of on the pathways that control opioid analgesic tolerance, a root cause of opioid overdose and misuse, which can develop through an associative learning. Hosts:  Vincent Racaniello ,  Jason Shepherd , and  Timothy Cheung Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts ,  Google Podcasts ,  RSS Links for this episode MicrobeTV Discord Server Associative  opioid analgesic tolerance (Sci Adv...

TWiN explains how psychedelic drugs such as LSD, psilocybin, and MDMA, which are being explored for treating a wide range of neuropsychiatric diseases, reopen the social reward period for critical learning. Hosts:  Vincent Racaniello ,  Jason Shepherd , and  Timothy Cheung Click arrow to play Download  TWiN 042  (34 MB .mp3, 57 min) Subscribe (free):  Apple Podcasts ,  Google Podcasts ,  RSS Links...

Vivianne explains how early in Alzheimer's disease, the brain attempts to counteract the increased excitatory drive caused by amyloid deposition, and that melanin-concentrating hormone, produced during sleep, is involved in this protective response. Hosts:  Vincent Racaniello ,  Jason Shepherd ,  Timothy Cheung , and Vivianne Morrison Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts ,  Google Podcasts ,  RSS Link...

Tim takes TWiN through two studies on the role of dopamine: that syllables are natural units of spontaneous behavior used by the brain to structure action, and that mesolimbic dopamine release conveys causal associations but not reward prediction errors, thereby challenging the dominant theory of reward learning. Hosts:  Vincent Racaniello ,  Jason Shepherd ,  Timothy Cheung , and Vivianne Morriso...

Junjie from Jason's lab joins TWiN to discuss the observation that the cell gene PNMA2 encodes non-enveloped virus-like capsids that induce autoantibodies which underlie paraneoplastic syndrome. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello , Jason Shepherd , Timothy Cheung , and Junjie Xu Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts ,  Google Podcasts ,  RSS Links for this episode MicrobeTV Discord Server Virus-like capsids in...

TWiN explains the finding that immunity to commensal bacteria promotes sensory neuron regeneration via the cytokine interleukin-17A. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello , Ori Lieberman , Timothy Cheung , and Vivianne Morrison Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts ,  Google Podcasts ,  RSS Links for this episode MicrobeTV Discord Server Immunity to the microbiota promotes sensory neuron regeneration (Cell) Timest...

TWiN reviews the field of microgial research, which has advanced in recent decades but is constrained by nomenclature that is necessary but often implies specific functions. Hosts:  Vincent Racaniello ,  Jason Shepherd ,  Timothy Cheung , and Vivianne Morrison Subscribe (free):  Apple Podcasts ,  Google Podcasts ,  RSS Links for this episode Microglia states  and nomenclature (Nature) Timestamps b...

TWiN answers listener questions about Alzheimer's disease, glaucoma and the microbiota, Dravet's Syndrome, schizophrenia, brain development, and chips implanted in the human brain. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello , Jason Shepherd , Timothy Cheung , and Vivianne Morrison Subscribe (free):  Apple Podcasts ,  Google Podcasts ,  RSS Links for this episode Letters read on TWiN 36 Timestamps by  Jolene . Than...

Jason and Tim review the use of an implanted chronic deep brain sensing and stimulation device to carry out biomarker-driven closed-loop therapy that resulted in a rapid and sustained improvement in depression.  Hosts: Jason Shepherd and Timothy Cheung Subscribe (free):  Apple Podcasts ,  Google Podcasts ,  RSS , email Links for this episode Closed-loop neuromodulation for depression (Nat Med) Tim...

TWiN explains how central nervous system resident macrophages known as microglia coordinate cellular interactions during spinal cord repair in mice. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello , Jason Shepherd , Timothy Cheung , and Vivianne Morrison Subscribe (free):  Apple Podcasts ,  Google Podcasts ,  RSS , email Links for this episode Microglia coordinate spinal cord repair (Nat Commun) Timestamps by  Jolene ....

TWiN describes how neurotropic viruses leave the brain via meningeal lymphatic vessels located dorsally and basally beneath the skull. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello , Ori Lieberman , Jason Shepherd , and Timothy Cheung Subscribe (free):  Apple Podcasts ,  Google Podcasts ,  RSS , email Links for this episode Meningeal lymph vessels and viral exit from brain (Nature Neuroscience) Clearing mouse brain v...

TWiN reviews how, in a mouse stroke model, recovery of movement is associated with the remaining cortex and the striatum coordinating their activity together. Hosts: Ori Lieberman, Timothy Cheung , and Vivianne Morrison Subscribe (free):  Apple Podcasts ,  Google Podcasts ,  RSS , email Links for this episode Recovery after stroke in mice (Cell Rep) Timestamps by  Jolene . Thanks! Music is by  Ron...

TWiN explains the observation that in mice, the HIV-1 co-receptor CCR5 closes the temporal window for linking different memories. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello , Jason Shepherd , Timothy Cheung , and Vivianne Morrison Subscribe (free):  Apple Podcasts ,  Google Podcasts ,  RSS , email Links for this episode CCR5 and memory linking (Nature) Timestamps by  Jolene . Thanks! Music is by  Ronald Jenkees Se...

TWiN describes experiments demonstrating that gut injection of alpha-synuclein fibrils in mice converts endogenous alpha-synuclein to a pathologic form that spreads to the brain and leads to features of Parkinson's disease. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello , Ori Lieberman , Jason Shepherd , Timothy Cheung , and Vivianne Morrison Subscribe (free):  Apple Podcasts ,  Google Podcasts ,  RSS , email Links fo...

TWiN explains the finding that in the mouse visual cortex, astrocytes are key elements in the experience-dependent wiring of brain circuits. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello , Jason Shepherd , Timothy Cheung , and Vivianne Morrison Subscribe (free):  Apple Podcasts ,  Google Podcasts ,  RSS , email Become a  patron  of TWiN! Links for this episode Astrocytes close the critical period (Science) Timestamps...

TWiN reveals how oligodendrocytes enhance axonal energy metabolism by transcellular delivery of a protein, SIRT2, that deacetylates mitochondrial proteins. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello , Timothy Cheung , and Vivianne Morrison Click arrow to play Download  TWiN 028 (77 MB .mp3, 64 min) Subscribe (free):  Apple Podcasts ,  Google Podcasts ,  RSS , email Become a  patron  of TWiN! Links for this episode...

TWiN discusses the finding that rewiring retinal projections to the auditory thalamus in ferrets leads to visually responsive cells that are typical of cells in the visual cortex. Hosts: Ori Lieberman, Jason Shepherd , Timothy Cheung , and Vivianne Morrison Subscribe (free):  Apple Podcasts ,  Google Podcasts ,  RSS , email Become a  patron  of TWiN! Links for this episode Remapping retinal projec...

TWiN reviews evidence in mice that brain neurons encode and retrieve specific immune responses. Become a  patron  of TWiN! Links for this episode Memory of immunity (Cell) Timestamps by  Jolene . Thanks! Music is by  Ronald Jenkees Send your neuroscience questions and comments to twin@microbe.tv

TWiN answers listener questions on sex in neuroscience studies, rotating memories in the brain, odorant receptors in the brain, and neutrophils that promote neuron survival. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello , Jason Shepherd , and Timothy Cheung Subscribe (free):  iTunes ,  Google Podcasts ,  RSS , email Become a  patron  of TWiN! Links for this episode Males and females in neuroscience studies (New Scien...

Ioana and Robert join TWiN to discuss their work demonstrating that rodents acquire maternal behavior by social transmission from an experienced mother to a virgin female how to care for a litter via endogenous oxytocin. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello and Timothy Cheung Guests: Ioana Carcea and Robert Froemke Subscribe (free):  iTunes ,  Google Podcasts ,  RSS , email Become a  patron  of TWiN! Links f...