The Kings and Queens podcast

Anne (1702-14) was described as stubborn, miserable, weak-willed, vapid, grossly obese. A woman of ordinary character. Yet, she became the first Queen of Great Britain. Her reign would have long-lasting consequences, the establishment of the Bank of England meant the nation was now punching above its weight. The nation became the military force not seen since the days of Edward III and Henry V . W...

William III (1689-1702) had limited interest in the affairs of England, Scotland and Ireland. His interest lay in keeping the King of France at bay and would use England as weapon to achieve his goals. It was perhaps the king’s indifference that allowed parliament to gain permanent supremacy over the nation leading to a remarkable transformation in the political and religious affairs of England. D...

James II of England and VII of Scotland (1685-59) followed in the footsteps of his predecessors. He too, struggled with the scope and nature of government. He believed it his duty as a Roman Catholic prince to level the religious playing field and did not learn the lessons of the civil war. He woefully underestimated the power of parliament. His rule saw the beginnings of the modern British state...

Charles II (1660-85) was described by Ronald Hutton as the playboy monarch, naughty but nice, the hero of all who prized urbanity, tolerance, good humour, and the pursuit of pleasure above more earnest, sober or material virtues. Yet, like his grandfather he struggled to pay for it. Though Restoration England brought a new respect and freedom to the monarchy, the country had survived 11 years with...

The Commonwealth of England - 1649-60 In a weary speech to parliament on 4 February 1658 Oliver Cromwell told MPs that ‘I would have been glad, as to my own conscience and spirit, to have been living under a woodside to have kept a flock of sheep, rather than to have undertaken such a place as this’. In the 1630s, Oliver Cromwell raised chickens and sheep for their eggs and wool. 20 years later he...

For his obdurate and reckless governance Charles I (1625-49) faced an equally obdurate and formidable parliament and he lost. The monarchy too lost, yet Charles grasped a martyr’s crown becoming the first saint of the Church of England. His reign may have contributed hugely to the destruction of the monarchy but his conduct during the trial and the dignity he displayed afterwards also helped maint...

James I's (1603-25) ultimate aim was to unite the kingdoms of England and Scotland under one banner. However, his belief in the divine right of kings meant his relationship with parliament would be bitter, sour and destructive, with consequences long outlasting the reign of the first King of Great Britain. CHARACTERS James I & VI – King of England and Scotland Anne of Denmark – Queen consort o...

According to contemporary John Hayward, ‘no one knew better than Elizabeth I (1558-1603) the art of commanding men.’ Even at 17 her tutor said the constitution of her mind is exempt from female weakness and she is endued with a masculine power of application. No apprehension quicker, no memory more retentive. With the nation perhaps more divided by religion than at any point in English history, th...

Mary I (1553-58) led the only successful revolt in 16th century England becoming the first anointed Queen regnant. She had witnessed the decimation of the Roman Catholic church in England for her father's ultimate goal of siring a son. According to G.R. Elton, the vicious attack on her mother and her own bastardisation and the treatment of her religion ought to have turned Mary into a fierce instr...

At the beginning of 1553, Henry VIII’s only son King Edward VI was dying. For the first time in English history all potential claimants were women. Henry’s daughters Mary and Elizabeth, and their cousins Jane Grey (1553) and Mary, Queen of Scots. For the first time in history, England would have a Queen regnant. Partisan councillors would jockey for position in order to secure their own futures an...

In 1547, the last minority in English history was formed for 9 year old Edward VI (1547-53). After the titanic reign of his father Henry VIII, a contemporary may have wondered if the country may be engulfed in civil war once more. Had the rampant religious and administrative upheaval been possible due to the colossus at the helm? Would the country accept such terms under a new king? Or would the c...

Does Juana Loca (Joanna the Mad) Queen of Castile (1504-55) and Aragon (1516-55) deserve her title? Was she really unfit for rule or was she merely a victim of her father's, her husband's and her son's political machinations? Find out with Cristina Sanchez Gomez. CHARACTERS (names in Spanish) Juana - Queen of Castile (1504-55) and Aragon (1516-55) Fernando II - King of Aragon (1479-1516), King of...

Henry VIII (1509-47) was described by historian Simon Jenkins as the ‘Hercules of English history – part tyrant, part polymath, part renaissance prince, who tore up the Plantagenet rulebook’. He was a prolific builder of English monarchy giving the nation a new identity, free from the shackles of Rome. His impact on religion, on government and on society was unprecedented, leaving a significant im...

According to the chronicler Vergil, ‘Henry VII's (1485-1509) spirit was distinguished, wise and prudent; his mind was brave and resolute and it never, even at moments of great danger, deserted him’. He was the last king to win the crown on the battlefield in one of the most significant moments in English history. But history does not remember him as a warrior but as a rather grey miser, as Vergil...

Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh was the longest serving consort in British history. His commitment was remarkable with over 22,000 royal engagements. If Queen Elizabeth II is remembered as the greatest monarch in British history, it will be largely due to the support of her husband Prince Philip. On their golden wedding anniversary in 1997 she said, ‘Philip is a man who doesn’t take too easily to...

The Holocaust was and remains one of the most unique, horrific and incomprehensible events of modern History. In this very special episode, I explore the causes, context and realities of History’s greatest crime by interviewing the author Jeremy Dronfield about his book, The Sunday Times and Amazon No.1 Bestseller  ‘The Boy Who Followed His Father Into Auschwitz’. I am joined by a fellow teacher a...

Richard III (1483-85) has been portrayed as inhuman, tyrannical, treacherous and cruel. He had the monumental misfortune of character assassination by the dynasty that followed him determined to blacken his name. It will unquestionably be remembered as one of the most famous and consequential reigns in English history. CHARACTERS Richard III – King of England Edward IV – King of England, brother o...

Edward V (1483) was intelligent, articulate and ready to make the giant leap from a fresh-faced prince to a wily, formidable medieval king but even before his coronation could take place a pernicious scheme was set to take it all away.  CHARACTERS  Edward V – King of England, son of Edward IV Edward IV, King of England Richard, duke of Gloucester – Edward IV’s brother, Edward V’s uncle R...

Edward IV (1461-70, 71-83) represented everything Henry VI didn’t. He offered courage, leadership and political intelligence but his promiscuous lifestyle and the overestimation of the power of his charm meant he was exposed to the sinister 15th century culture of deceit and treachery. CHARACTERS Edward IV – King of England (House of York) Elizabeth Woodville – Queen of England (House of York) Hen...

Henry VI (1422-61, 70-71) was the antithesis of a warrior king, he was the first since the Norman conquest never to command an army. Yet it was his incompetence and inertia that contributed to the unbridled, unparalleled bloodshed of his deeply turbulent reign. CHARACTERS Henry VI – King of England Margaret of Anjou – Queen of England Henry V – Father of Henry VI, former King of England Catherine...

Picking up the reins of a deeply fractured country, Henry V (1413-22) transformed it into a united, dominant force. He believed strongly in the divine right of kingship and used it to reignite the hundred years war. Beloved and revered by future kings, his success in all facets of rule is unparalleled. According to historian KB McFarlane, he was perhaps the greatest man who ever ruled England. CHA...

DESCRIPTION The manner of Henry IV’s (1399-1413) ascent not only consumed the king with almighty guilt for the rest of his life, accusations of his illegitimacy completely dominated his reign. So deep was the rift, so potent was the suspicion and so rampant was the opportunism that it served as a precursor for the violent theatre of the war of the roses. CHARACTERS Henry IV – King of England Richa...

An era of camaraderie, chivalry and glory was a distant memory. Richard II's (1377-99) reign demonstrated just how rapidly tethered royal powers of post-Magna Carta could be dashed, how deep schisms could be dug and how susceptible England still was to absolute tyranny. CHARACTERS Richard II – King of England The Black Prince – Father of Richard II Edward III – King of England, father of the Black...

Edward III (1327-77) combined the regal majesty of Henry the third and the military prowess of Edward longshanks in marshaling the cult of chivalry. It produced the most glorious age in English history.  CHARACTERS  Kings of England  Edward III Edward II – Father of Edward III Edward I (Longshanks) – Father of Edward II Henry III – Father of Edward I (Longshanks) John – Father of He...

I interview Heather Darsie about her new book - 'Anna, Duchess of Cleves: The King's Beloved Sister'. We talk about her life as a young princess before becoming the Queen and wife of the King of England, the mighty Henry VIII. You can buy her book here - https://www.amazon.co.uk/Anna-Duchess-Cleves-Beloved-Sister/dp/1445677105   You can follow her on twitter here - @HRDarsieHistory