Snacks Weekly on Data Science

In this episode, we explore how Instacart leverages machine learning to suggest smart replacements for out-of-stock products — a challenge that’s central to the grocery delivery experience. We dive into Instacart’s two-model approach, where a deep learning model uncovers general product relationships across the catalog, and an engagement model learns from customer behavior to personalize those rec...

In this episode, we explore the importance of covariate selection in causal inference and how different types of variables can influence the results. The discussion highlights why careful covariate selection is essential for generating reliable insights and enabling smarter, evidence-based business decisions. For more details, you can refer to their published tech blog, linked here for your refere...

In this episode, we explore how Klaviyo used counterfactual learning and uplift modeling to move beyond the question of which treatment works — to the deeper question of for whom it works. We’ll see how the team combined randomized experiments, causal inference techniques, and uplift modeling to power a product that helps marketers deliver smarter, more personalized messages. For more details, you...

In this Halloween special episode, we explore some fun facts and surprising data behind these festive favorites: Did you know Illinois is the top pumpkin-producing state, harvesting nearly 40% of all pumpkins in the U.S.? Or that Reese’s Peanut Butter Cups consistently rank as America’s most popular Halloween candy? And that over — or at least — 20% of pet owners now dress up their pets for Hallow...

In this episode, we explore how Whatnot improved its feed ranking system by moving from batch predictions to online inference—enabling the platform to scale effectively while capturing real-time marketplace dynamics. This evolution reflects a broader shift in recommendation systems toward more adaptive, real-time personalization. For more details, check out the full tech blog from the Whatnot engi...

In this episode, we explore Tripadvisor’s self-serve experimentation platform for marketing. On the business side, the challenge was measuring campaign effectiveness in a messy, external environment where clean randomization isn’t always possible. On the technical side, the TripAdvisor team developed a system that applies causal inference techniques—particularly the difference-in-differences metho...

In this episode, we look at how Meta addressed the challenge of feature selection at scale through Global Feature Importance—a system that aggregates insights across models to surface the most valuable features. This approach not only streamlines model development but also enables machine learning engineers to iterate more effectively and build models that deliver stronger business impact. For mor...

In this episode, we explore how to evaluate the retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) capabilities of small language models. On the business side, we discuss why RAG, long context windows, and small language models are critical for building scalable and reliable AI systems. On the technical side, we walk through the Needle-in-a-Haystack methodology and discuss key findings about retrieval performan...

In this episode, we explore how Netflix enhanced recommendation personalization using foundation models. These models can process massive user histories through tokenization and attention mechanisms, while also addressing the cold-start problem with hybrid embeddings. The work highlights how principles from large language models can be adapted to build more effective recommendation systems at scal...

In this episode, we explore how Vanguard evaluated standard A/B testing against multi-armed bandits for digital experimentation. Their simulated study showed that A/B testing is often the better choice when dealing with a small number of variations, while bandit strategies, such as Thompson Sampling, become more effective as the number of variations increases. The broader lesson is that experiment...

In this episode, we explore how Instacart tackled the challenge of extracting accurate product attributes at scale. We discuss different solutions—starting with SQL rules, moving to text-based ML models, and finally, Instacart’s multi-modal LLM platform, PARSE. By blending text and image data and enabling rapid configuration, PARSE demonstrates how modern AI tools can streamline data pipelines, re...

In this episode, we explore how Airbnb developed a structured framework that combines unsupervised clustering and supervised modeling to classify listings into meaningful supply personas based on availability patterns. This data-driven approach helps Airbnb enhance personalization, improve experimentation, and gain deeper insights into its global supply base. For more details, you can refer to the...

In this episode, we explore the Bayesian Structural Time Series model as a causal inference methodology and walk through a real-world example of how Walmart leveraged it to measure the impact of a simple yet meaningful product taxonomy change. For more details, you can refer to their published tech blog, linked here for your reference: https://medium.com/walmartglobaltech/decoding-causal-increment...

In this episode, we delve into how Pinterest has enhanced its embedding-based retrieval system to provide a more personalized, relevant, and dynamic Homefeed experience. By scaling their models with richer feature interactions, refreshing the content corpus with trending Pins, and leveraging cutting-edge machine learning techniques, Pinterest is able to serve better content—faster and more accurat...

In this episode, we dive into what it’s like to be a data scientist at Meta. Grounded in product leadership, data scientists at Meta apply deep analytical expertise to drive measurement, navigate complex product ecosystems, and shape key decisions—ultimately delivering meaningful impact on product outcomes. For more details, you can refer to their published tech blog, linked here for your referenc...

In this episode, we explore how Revolut is reimagining risk management. By developing a modular, scientifically grounded, and explainable platform, the team has enabled faster, more accurate, and more transparent risk decisions—spanning diverse products and global markets. For more details, you can refer to their published tech blog, linked here for your reference: https://medium.com/revolut/reinv...

In this episode, we explore how Lyft tackles interference bias in marketplace experiments using Marketplace Marginal Values (MMVs). We break down why interference is a natural challenge in two-sided platforms like Lyft, and how their team uses optimization, simulation, and advanced metrics to measure causal effects more reliably. For more details, check out the original tech blog linked here: http...

In this episode, we explore how causal inference helps companies like Microsoft answer high‑stakes product and business questions when A/B testing isn’t possible. We dive into Double Machine Learning—a technique that leverages ML models to control for confounding variables and isolate true causal effects. The result is a flexible, rigorous framework that every data scientist should have in their t...

In this episode, we explore how Whatnot tackled the challenge of scaling feed recommendation systems across a rapidly growing platform. We dive into WhataMix—a DAG-based framework that enables teams to build, test, and deploy feed logic using reusable, modular components. It’s a great example of how thoughtful system design can accelerate development while maintaining high standards in machine lea...

In this episode, we explore how Expedia is integrating both generative and traditional AI to enhance the travel experience. The company’s approach leverages generative models for open-ended, natural language tasks, and relies on traditional models for structured, mission-critical problems. By playing to the strengths of each, Expedia is able to build smarter, more adaptable AI systems without over...

In this episode, we dive into how Glassdoor addresses the challenge of maintaining data quality at a petabyte scale. By treating data as a product, the engineering team built a centralized, scalable platform that enables proactive validation, continuous monitoring, and cross-team collaboration. From data contracts and static code analysis to LLM-based logic checks and anomaly detection, we unpack...

In this episode, we explore how Agoda used large language models (LLMs) to improve user experience through building a conversational AI product. By focusing on prompt engineering, grounding data, and smart evaluation, the team built a scalable assistant that adds real value to the user journey. For more details, you can refer to their published tech blog, linked here for your reference: https://me...

In this episode, we explore how Meta tackles the complex challenge of setting aligned, measurable, and high-impact goals across a vast organization. Whether you’re in data science, analytics, or product leadership, this episode offers practical insights into building a more effective goal-setting system. For more details, you can refer to their published tech blog, linked here for your reference:...

In this episode, we will explore how Hike applied transformer-based models to predict user behavior in their Rush Gaming Universe. We will look at the business motivation and break down the technical solution, from input features to prediction and evaluation. This case is a good example of how modern deep learning techniques can drive real impact in improving user experience. For more details, you...

In this episode, we will explore quantization techniques for language models. We will look at the business motivation—making large language models more efficient—and unpack the technical solutions that make this possible.  For more details, you can refer to their published tech blog, linked here for your reference: https://medium.com/@EsperantoTech/quantization-and-mixed-mode-techniques-for-small-...