Law School

Probate is a court-supervised process used to authenticate a decedent’s will, appoint a personal representative, gather assets, pay debts, and distribute remaining assets to heirs or beneficiaries. The process varies in duration, cost, and complexity. Key steps include initiating the case, court review and appointment of a representative, gathering assets, providing notice, handling debts, adminis...

In this episode of The Legal Minute, we tackle one of the most dreaded topics in property law — the Rule Against Perpetuities — and break it down in plain English. You’ll learn why the law limits how long someone can control property from beyond the grave, and what that confusing legal phrase “life in being plus twenty-one years” really means. We’ll simplify the rule’s purpose: preventing endless...

Probate is a court-supervised process that authenticates a decedent’s will, appoints a personal representative, and oversees the gathering of assets, payment of debts, and distribution of remaining assets to heirs or beneficiaries. The probate process can vary in duration, cost, and complexity depending on the size of the estate, the clarity or validity of the will, and potential disputes. The pro...

This legal lecture provides a structured overview of trusts and estates law, specifically focusing on the creation of trusts and the duties of trustees. It begins by outlining the five essential elements required to establish a valid trust, including a capable settlor, a trustee, identifiable beneficiaries, the intent to create a trust, and trust property. The lecture then distinguishes between ke...

Trusts serve as highly adaptable arrangements for managing and distributing assets, both during a settlor’s lifetime and after death. This lecture opens by outlining the five key elements that define a valid trust. First, there must be a capable settlor who consciously decides to create a trust and who possesses the requisite capacity to execute that decision. Second, the instrument must name a tr...

n this episode of The Legal Minute, we break down one of the most common misconceptions in tort law — the difference between assault and battery. You’ll learn how the law distinguishes between a mere threat that creates fear and the actual act of harmful or offensive contact. Through simple, relatable examples, I’ll explain how someone can commit assault without ever laying a finger on you, and ho...

This lecture introduces the fundamental purpose of a will within the context of trusts and estates law. It explains that a will is a legally binding document outlining how a person's assets should be distributed after their death, covering aspects like property inheritance, guardianship of minors, and executor selection. The lecture contrasts this with intestacy laws, which dictate asset distribut...

This lecture introduces the foundational principles of wills and intestacy law. It explains that a will is a legal document allowing individuals to direct the distribution of their assets and name guardians for minors after death. The lecture outlines typical state requirements for valid wills, such as signatures and witnesses, and discusses alternative forms like holographic and nuncupative wills...

MARRIAGE & PARTNERSHIPS Marriage Formation Requirements: License, age restrictions, consent, solemnization Common-Law Marriage: Cohabitation + holding out as married + intent Agreements Prenuptial: Before marriage, addresses property/support Postnuptial: During marriage, similar purpose Enforceability: Voluntary, full disclosure, opportunity for counsel Limitations: Can't determine child custo...

This lecture comprehensively examines child custody determinations, emphasizing the best interest of the child standard and the distinctions between legal and physical custody, alongside visitation frameworks. It further explores parental rights in various modern contexts, including unmarried parents and assisted reproductive technology. The lecture then transitions to adoption processes, covering...

Child custody, adoption, and emerging issues in parental rights represent central concerns of modern family law. This lecture begins by emphasizing that courts typically decide child custody according to the “best interest of the child” principle. Factors considered in this analysis include the child’s emotional ties with each parent, the stability each parent’s home can provide, any history of do...

This lecture comprehensively surveys the legal aspects of divorce and separation, beginning with the historical shift from fault-based to predominantly no-fault grounds for dissolving a marriage. It examines the various forms of spousal support, including rehabilitative and permanent alimony, and how property is divided using either community property or equitable distribution principles. The lect...

This lecture addresses the core legal framework surrounding divorce and separation, beginning with an overview of fault-based versus no-fault grounds. Historically, many states required one spouse to prove misconduct such as adultery, cruelty, or desertion for a divorce to be granted. Over time, however, most have transitioned to no-fault statutes, where asserting “irreconcilable differences” or a...

Key Concepts Requirements for Valid Statutory Marriage: Obtaining a marriage license from the appropriate government authority. Meeting eligibility requirements such as age, not being currently married (bigamy), and not being too closely related (consanguinity). Solemnization of the marriage by a recognized officiant (e.g., clergy, judge) in the presence of any legally required witnesses. Voluntar...

Marriage and partnerships form a core framework of family law. This lecture begins by outlining the formal requirements for a valid marriage, typically including a marriage license, compliance with minimum age rules, and a ceremony solemnized by an authorized official. Couples must meet statutory prerequisites, such as neither party being currently married and both having the capacity to consent....

This summary provides a foundational understanding of corporate law, detailing the reasons for choosing the corporate structure, the legal process of its formation through filing articles of incorporation, and the crucial concept of limited liability shielding owners. It further examines internal governance established by bylaws and the initial capital structure involving stock issuance and par va...

This lecture on corporate law focuses on the advanced stages of a corporation's life cycle beyond formation and governance. It explains financing mechanisms, detailing equity through various stock types and debt through bonds, and their implications for control and risk. The discussion then shifts to corporate restructuring, covering mergers, acquisitions, consolidations, and asset sales, incl...

In this final lecture, the discussion centers on how corporations raise funding, reshape themselves through mergers and acquisitions, and ultimately manage dissolution if needed. The opening theme is corporate financing: a corporation typically secures capital in one of two primary ways—equity or debt. Equity involves issuing various classes of stock, such as common shares that generally provide v...

This lecture on corporate law explains the roles of directors, officers, and shareholders, and fiduciary duties. It also details the business judgment rule and shareholder rights. Directors owe a duty of care to make informed decisions, a duty of loyalty to avoid self-dealing, and a duty of good faith . The business judgment rule protects directors from liability for losses if they acted in good f...

This lecture on  corporate law  examines the  governance  of corporations, focusing on the  fiduciary duties  of directors and officers, such as care, loyalty, and good faith. It explains the  business judgment rule , which protects informed and conflict-free decisions made by these individuals. The text also covers  shareholder rights , including how they can enforce these rights through direct a...

Corporate Law: Inception of the Corporation Why Choose the Corporate Form? Entrepreneurs, investors, and businesspeople choose the corporate form for several reasons. Limited liability is a primary factor, as it protects shareholders' personal assets from business debts and liabilities. Perpetual existence ensures continuity even with changes in ownership or management. Centralized management,...

Corporate Law: Inception of the Corporation Why Choose a Corporation? The corporate form offers several advantages over other business structures. Limited liability protects shareholders' personal assets from business debts and liabilities, attracting investment and encouraging risk-taking. Perpetual existence ensures continuity even as shareholders change. Centralized management delegates decisio...

Standing is the legal ability to file a lawsuit. Only those directly involved and affected by an issue have standing. Article III of the Constitution gives federal courts the right to preside over "cases" and "controversies." A three-part test must be met for standing: Injury in Fact, Causation (Traceability), and Redressability. Injury in Fact: The plaintiff must have a concre...

Lecture 1: Introduction to Negotiable Instruments Definition and Types: Distinguish between notes (promissory notes) and drafts (checks). Requirements for Negotiability: Unconditional promise or order to pay, fixed amount of money, payable on demand or at a definite time, etc. Holder Status: Explanation of “holder” vs. “bearer” and negotiation procedures (endorsements, delivery). Basic Policy Goal...

Lecture 5: Advanced Topics and Bar Strategy Alterations and Forgeries: Discuss the types of alterations that can occur on a negotiable instrument, such as changes to the amount, date, payee, or interest rate. Explain the effect of an alteration on the liability of the parties involved, including the drawer, maker, drawee, and endorsers. Differentiate between material and non-material alterations a...