China In Context

China’s leaders have a vision, guided by Karl Marx. They believe they have a duty to create a just, equitable, socialist society, with the eventual goal of a communist system. Until then, China must go through a process of change, a period known as “Socialism with Chinese characteristics''. Frank Tsai from China Crossroads in Shanghai discusses how views about revolution are evolving. Th...

The island of Taiwan bristles with high tech weapons, many of which are supplied by the United States. It’s part of a strategy to deter an invasion by the People’s Republic of China - a threat which has loomed over Taiwan for more than 70 years but which is now regarded as a more intense and immediate risk than ever. Jacob Stokes from the Center for New American Security in Washington explains the...

The former foreign minister of Australia, Alexander Downer, says the relationship with China has “fundamentally changed” in the past few decades. “I think it’s become a great deal more dangerous,” he told Sky News. As a result, Australia has beefed up its military deterrence against China and has moved closer into defence pacts with the United States and the United Kingdom. In this podcast, analys...

The political systems of China and the United States are based on very different models. This ideological gap affects the way they behave towards each other and also impacts their relations with the rest of the world. As a result, many countries feel that they are being pressed to pick sides between America and China and this can be an uncomfortable dilemma. In this podcast, host Duncan Bartlett d...

China and Germany found many reasons to be friendly in the aftermath of the Cold War. China cited the economic advantages to both countries as a win-win situation. Three decades later, relations between the two states have become increasingly tense. Chancellor Olaf Scholz takes a much more hawkish line on China than his predecessor Angela Merkel and Germany has even sent a warship to Asia, to patr...

For decades, South Korea has sought to maintain harmonious relations with both the US and China. But as the competition between the great powers intensifies, the balancing act has become more tricky. In this podcast, Dr Edward Howell, a lecturer in politics at New College, University of Oxford, explains how China-South Korea relations have developed since Yoon Suk-yeol became South Korea’s preside...

China is a proud nation which plays a key role in many international institutions, including the United Nations. It enjoys diplomatic relations with liberal democracies and when Xi Jinping speaks to Joe Biden, he places himself on a par with the American president as a world leader. Yet when the People’s Republic was initially forged through revolution, the outside world was aghast and it took man...

Presidents, prime ministers and foreign ministers from many countries have urged China to press Russia to stop its military actions in Ukraine. But are they right to assume that a word in Vladimir Putin’s ear from Xi Jinping would lead to a cease fire? It is hard to judge whether Xi Jinping is angry or frustrated with Russia over the invasion of Ukraine. Dr. Marcin Kaczmarski, a lecturer in securi...

For many decades, people in Hong Kong enjoyed a level of freedom which was in marked contrast to life in other parts of China. Following the end of the British colonial era in 1997, the Communist Party promised that Hong Kong would remain highly autonomous for fifty years under the 'One Country, Two Systems' principle. Yet when mass street demonstrations erupted in 2019-2020, China respo...

One of the loudest messages from the Chinese Communist Party is that it has delivered wealth to citizens by creating an environment in which the economy grows and thrives. However, as a result of the zero-Covid policy and other factors, the economy has hit the buffers. Gross domestic product rose just 0.4% year-on-year in the second quarter of 2022 missing expectations and suggesting a recession c...

The Chinese Communist Party routinely encourages people to be patriotic and to love their country. Textbooks which are studied in all of China’s schools highlight achievements of which they should be proud - including, of course, the success of the Communist Party. The rise in nationalism is not exclusive to China. Yet contemporary Chinese nationalism cultivated by the CCP alarms its neighbours an...

China is a land of contradictions. This shows up in a stark gap between rich and poor, which is evident through the contrast between conspicuous consumption in the big cities and the much more basic way of life in the countryside. In fact, even though it may not feel like it, the wealth gap is gradually narrowing. But is this down to government policy? And does the resentment caused by inequality...

Much of the hard work in running China falls to about 40 million party and government officials, known as cadres. These include powerful figures, such as provincial governors, bosses of state-owned enterprises and chief prosecutors. Originally, cadres were defined as professional revolutionaries, dedicated to the goals of the Communist Party. They still need to be loyal Communists but most of them...

The international media uses strong words to describe China’s system of governance. American newspapers often inform their readers that China’s regime is “authoritarian” or “totalitarian”, or both. Yet supporters of the Communist Party say that China has developed a political system which perfectly suits its culture and that "socialism with Chinese characteristics” is a form of democracy, sup...

The danger of war in the Taiwan Strait is growing. This island’s ruling Democratic Progressive Party, which favours Taiwan’s de jure independence, is becoming increasingly friendly with the United States. President Biden has said America will fight to defend Taiwan if it is attacked. The threat from China is clear whenever its aircraft fly into Taiwanese airspace. Professor Steve Tsang, Director o...

British foreign policy, including towards China, is being forged under fraught circumstances. The Conservative government is losing favour not just with the press and the public but has also experienced battles among its own members. Politicians are sometimes referred to as hawks or doves on China, yet how suitable are such labels? And how much do Britain’s elected representatives really understan...

China does not play fair when it comes to the intellectual property of American companies, according to the Biden administration. It is not a new allegation. The US has been complaining about having ideas stolen by China and the issue helped prompt a 'trade war' when Donald Trump was president. Last year, China amended its laws on patents and copyright. How far do these changes go in sat...

A decade into the leadership of Xi Jinping, China appears to have even greater potential to transform global affairs than at any stage since it began to open up to the outside world, about thirty years ago. We often hear it said that China is ambitious and assertive on the foreign policy front. Yet how well do we really understand the objectives of Xi Jinping’s foreign policy? Beyond the wolf warr...

As the global order changes, Germany is recasting its relations with China. Former Chancellor Angela Merkel visited China 12 times and forged a close relationship with Xi Jinping. However, under the current German leader Olaf Scholz, there’s a widening diplomatic gulf between the nations, with a growing wave of criticism of China’s human rights record. Both China and Germany face dramatic slowdown...

Political ties between Beijing and Hong Kong are growing tighter as a new Chief Executive prepares to take power in the city. John Lee is an avid proponent of the national security legislation which was brought in to crack down on dissent in Hong Kong, following anti-government protests. Mr Lee is a former police chief and the main candidate favoured by the Chinese Communist Party. His promotion h...

Twenty percent of China’s international trade flows through Shanghai, so when the port was hit by a lockdown at the start of April 2022, the repercussions quickly rippled across the globe. Companies such as Apple, Tesla, Adidas and Este Lauder all warned of disruption to their supply chains and the likelihood of higher costs for consumers. The enforced period of isolation has been a worrying time...

South Korea’s new president is enjoying attention from both the United States and China. Yoon Suk-yeol spoke with President Biden just a few hours after he was elected and is preparing to host the US leader in Seoul in May. Mr Yoon has also spoken on the telephone with Xi Jinping, who assured him that China and South Korea are “inseparable partners”. It is a delicate balancing act but there are st...

China is one of very few countries to hold permanent membership of the United Nations Security Council, a committee with the daunting brief to maintain peace and security throughout the world. The mood is often fractious, with China and Russia on one side, at loggerheads with Britain, France and the United States on the other. Xi Jinping recently proposed a new "global security initiative&quo...

China regards its money as an ambassador to the world. It would like the yuan - or renminbi - to be held in just as much esteem as the euro, or even the US dollar; in other words, a truly global currency. Yet there are major barriers to the internationalisation of the renminbi, including its limited convertibility and China’s cautious approach towards financial openness. Arthur Kroeber, a founding...

China has refused to condemn Russia’s belligerence in Ukraine, drawing accusations that Beijing has supported Moscow’s invasion. When Western nations imposed economic sanctions on Russia and supplied Ukraine with weapons, China warned that such moves add fuel to the fire. China’s leaders insist they are committed to promoting peace through negotiations with both Ukraine and Russia. In this podcast...