The High-Yield Podcast

Question-based review on differential diagnosis and algorithmic approach to workup & management of hypokalemia followed by a discussion of magnesium abnormalities.

Question-based Approach to differential diagnosis and hierarchical management in hyperkalemia.

Differential Diagnosis of pseudohypernatremia, Hypovolemic, Euvolemic and Hypervolemic Hypernatremia as well as Differential Diagnosis of pseudohyponatremia vs true hyponatremia is discussed.

A High-yield fully question-based review of childhood vasculitides

The important question is when to suspect vasculitis based on clinical presentation? We discuss differentials and workup (with emphasis on ANCA positivity or negativity or markers of Glomerular involvement) as well as management options and complications (including Mono-neuritis multiplex) for most common classes of vasculitides including Medium-size & Small - vessel Vasculitides including Pol...

We discuss the general differential diagnosis & framework of workup for large-vessel, medium-vessel & small-vessel vasculitides, general treatment guidelines and prognostication for vasculitides; Then we focus (in this episode) on large-vessel vasculitides (Giant-cell & Takayasu arthritis)

Differential diagnosis and workup of primary versus 2ndary amyloidosis ( including indication for abdominal fat pad versus single-organ biopsy, required workup for plasma-cell dyscrasia in Biopsy-confirmed amyloidosis, Required organ-function tests in Amyloidosis ) as well as management for primary (AL) versus 2ndary (AA) amyloidosis.

In this episode we first finish the discussion of the remaining subtypes of SNSAPs (namely Reactive ARthritis & Entropathic arthropathies / IBD-related Arthropathies) while discussing the important differential diagnosis for each category. We finish with a high-yield subject of approach framework and step-up management options by comparing and contrasting proper treatment recommendations for e...

High-yield question-based review of clinical points regarding subjective, objective, assessment and plan (SOAP) approach to seronegatives; We first discuss the general points relevant to this category of inflammatory arthritides then we initiate an in-depth discussion of each individual disorder while remaining as brief as possible but not missing the high-yield points. This episode covers Ankylos...

General approach to preoperative functional assessment using American Society of Anesthesiology Functional & Preoperative Status guidelines , Metabolic Equivalent, Cardiac Risk Assessment of MACE based on risk of patient versus the risks of surgical procedures, Utilizing Revised Cardiac Risk Index in the approach.

We discuss surgical site infection (SSI), Wound disruption and dehiscence, Superficial & deep Fascial Disruption, as well as wound evisceration and ventral hernia.

Differential Diagnosis & Management Approach of common childhood seizures including some genetic & hereditary subtypes , like benign rollandic, juvenile myoclonic and childhood absence seizure; we finish with a DDxing of childhood hemiplegia. Please make sure you have reviewed our episode on febrile seizure before this one.

While the initial step in managing sleep disorders involves ruling out 2ndary causes, in most cases (including the primary sleep disorders) the first intervention includes sleep hygiene and behavioral modifications; it is crucial to know when CBT-Insomnia is the recommended initial intervention and when pharmacotherapy is indicated and what type of medications are used for each subtype of primary...

Differential Diagnosis of 7 major DSM-V categories of sleep disorders including Insomnia, Parasomnias (REM-related & Non-REM type), Sleep related breathing disorders, Sleep related movement disorders, Central Hypersomnia (including Narcolepsy), and Circadian-Rhythm Disorders / Sleep-Wake Phase disorders. High-Yield hints are provided for differentiating these conditions after a framework of in...

We discuss definition of febrile seizure with required criteria, followed by discussing simple versus complex types as well as their workup and management with an in-depth discussion of how to address family concerns; we then finish with the important differential diagnosis approach between febrile seizure and meningitis.

An overview of prenatal screening during pregnancy; we discuss first prenatal visit, overall algorithm of prenatal assessment, types of infectious and non-infectious labs as well as general versus risk-specific panels of prenatal screening as a high-yield framework of prenatal care and follow up.

Question-Based Review of Reproductive Embryology (only clinically relevant points)

In-depth discussion of pathophysiologic mechanisms and examples of four major classes of hypersensitivity reactions; relevant for USMLE step 1 and USMLE step 2,3 

Basic science foundational knowledge required for understanding the pathogenesis of different primary immunodeficiency syndromes as well as closely-related mechanisms interrupted by immunosuppressive agents; 

Comparing & Contrasting the Pathogenesis,  Clinical features, Patterns of joint involvement, Diagnostic workup and Management options for rheumatoid arthritis versus osteoarthritis (AKA Degenerative Joint Disease); Next episode will provide a more in depth-discussion of rehumatoid arthritis management with focus on pharmacotherapy with DMARDs. 

A high-yield discussion of clinical assessment and management options for kyphosis, scoliosis, and causes of low back pain in children (including muscle strain, spondylolysis, Discitis and Herniated Disk)

High-Yield Question-Based Review of Impulse control and disruptive behavior disorders with their age considerations Discussion of Differential Diagnosis of Oppositional Defiant Disorder, Conduct Disorder, Intermittent Explosive Disorder, Disruptive mood Dysregulation Disorder, Pyromania, Kleptomania

Discussion of DSM-V diagnostic criteria and the difference with DSM-IV conditions Important developmental features & assessment of developmental milestones A brief list of important Differential Diagnoses of Autism Spectrum Disorder Genetic disorders & Inborn Errors of Metabolism that can be the underlying etiology and their diagnostic assessment Detailed discussion and numerous examples o...

A questioned-based review of hyperkinetic movement disorders of childhood with emphasis on Tics (primary and 2ndary) and Tourette syndrome as well as stereotypies (as important differential diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder) including Rett Syndrome (X-linked Dominant developmental regression) followed by a brief discussion of important differentials of Chorea, Myoclonus and Dystonia Subjects a...

An introduction to 6 major DSM-V categories of child & adolescent psychiatry A discussion of 4 major clinical complaints among children & adolescent with neurodevelopmental disorders A brief overview of Differential Diagnosis for child behavioral problems, poor school performance, speech problems and distractibility