The Guacamaya

Episode 6  |  Was Hugo Chávez always a socialist?  Not exactly. When Chávez first came to power, he rejected socialism and communism—but embraced another label: revolutionary . In this episode, we trace the ideological roots of Chávez’s "Bolivarian Revolution," from Simón Bolívar and Ezequiel Zamora to Fidel Castro and Norberto Ceresole. We look at how Chávez’s vision evolved, and how it...

Episode 5  |  Why didn’t the Supreme Court stop Hugo Chávez?  In this episode, we trace the moment when Venezuela’s democracy began to unravel—not through tanks or coups, but through legal decisions, political strategy, and the quiet collapse of institutional power. We follow Chávez’s first months in office: his push for a Constituent Assembly, the Supreme Court’s fateful rulings, and the electora...

Episode 4  |  In 1998, Hugo Chávez was a former coup leader fresh out of prison, polling at just five percent and dismissed by nearly everyone in Venezuela. But within a year, he would become president. In this episode, we trace how Chávez made that extraordinary rise: from his release by Rafael Caldera, to his decision to abandon armed struggle and run for office. We follow the collapse of Venezu...

Episode 3  |  In this episode, we trace the collapse of the political system that ruled Venezuela after 1958—and how it gave rise to Hugo Chávez. For decades, Venezuela seemed to be one of the most stable and prosperous countries in Latin America. Oil wealth fueled the rise of “Saudi Venezuela,” while the political parties promised democracy, order, and progress. But beneath the surface, the syste...

Episode 2  |  Who built modern Venezuela? In this episode, we go back to the collapse of nineteenth-century Venezuela and the rise of the generals who built the modern state. From Cipriano Castro and Juan Vicente Gómez to the discovery of oil, the slow opening under Eleazar López Contreras and Isaías Medina Angarita, and the dramatic collapse of Venezuela’s first democratic transition. Because Ven...

Episode 0  |  What happens when a country with the largest oil reserves in the world collapses into dictatorship?  Welcome to The Guacamaya —the podcast about Venezuela, power, and the long history that led to the crisis we see today. In this initial episode, I explain what this podcast is, why I’m making it, and what you can expect in the episodes to come. We’ll go beyond headlines to understand...

Episode 1  |  On February 4, 1992, a little-known army officer named Hugo Chávez launched a military coup against the Venezuelan government. By dawn, the coup had failed. But then something unexpected happened... For less than two minutes on live television, Chávez transformed himself from an unknown colonel into the most important political figure in Venezuela. In this episode, we tell the story...